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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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the cone of light seen when looking into the ear points to one of the ossicles of the ...
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malleus
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the canal and air make up the ...
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external ear
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the 3 ossicles and air make up the ...
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middle ear
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the ... is made up of a bunch of other structures and is fluid filled
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inner ear
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the lateral wall of the middle ear is ...
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tympanic membrane
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the medial wall of the middle ear is the ...
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oval window
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the anterior wall of the middle ear is the ...
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pharyngotympanic (eustachian) tube
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the posterior wall of the middle ear is an...
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opening to mastoid air cells
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ossicles:
-hammer or ... -anvil or ... -stirrup or ... |
malleus
incus stapes |
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what are the 2 muscles in the middle ear that
-reduce the vibrations of the malleus and stapes -prevents damage to the internal ear |
tensor tympani
stapedius |
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the tensor tympani attaches to the ...
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malleus
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pharyngotympanic tube:
-aka ... tube or auditory tube -connects middle ear with ... -allows ... in middle ear |
eustacian
nasal pharynx pressure equalization |
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inner ear in the bony labyrinth
-cavity in ... part of temporal bone -contains a fluid called ... -3 parts: chochlea which contains ..., vestibule which contains ... and ..., and semicircular canals which contain ... |
-petrous
-perilymph -chochlear duct -utricle and saccule -semicircular ducts |
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inner ear in the membranous labyrinth
-communicating ... and ... suspended within the bony labyrinth -filled with ... 3 parts: cochlear which deals with ..., vestibular which deals with ..., and semicircular which deals with ... |
-sacs and ducts
-endolymph -hearing -position of the head at rest -changes in head position |
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conduction of sound:
-sound waves into ... -... vibrates -... vibrate -vibration of ... initiates "waves" in fluid of inner ear (...) -waves travel up and around within ... and back down to ... window |
external ear
tympanic membrane ossicles stapes cochlea cochlea round |
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what part of the ear sets up fluid waves in the cochlear?
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middle ear
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what are these 2 mechanisms of balance?
-at right angles to each other -respond to gravity when head is at rest |
saccule
utricle |
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what are these mechanisms of balance?
-at right angles to each other lying in all 3 planes -respond to changes in position, i.e. acceleration and deceleration |
semicircular canals
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nerve transmission of hearing and balance:
-cranial nerve ... -passes from inner ear through ... to brainstem -2 parts: cochlear division affects ..., and vestibular division affects ... -... nerve lies next to it -both nerves pass through the ... |
-CN 8: vestibulocochlear n.
-temporal bone -hearing -balance -facial nerve (CN 7) -internal acoustic meatus |
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what can put pressure on the facial nerve and vestibulocochlear nerve as they pass through the internal acoustic meatus?
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acoustic neuroma
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acoustic neuromas are:
-benign -arise from CN ... -grow slowly -expand, compressing the ..., causing CN dysfunction |
CN 8
brainstem |
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what are these?
-progressive hearing loss in one ear -ringing in the same ear -a sense of imbalance -weakness of facial muscles -loss of taste: less salivation |
losses expected from acoustic neuromas
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what are the 2 types of hearing loss?
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conductive and neural (sensorineural)
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conductive hearing loss:
-conduction of sound is impaired through the ... or ... ear -examples: ... build up, ... in children, ... in adults |
-external or middle
-wax -middle ear infections -otosclerosis |
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sensorineural hearing loss
-loss of ... -lesion of CN ... -examples are ...: a progressive loss of hair cells at base of cochlea usually in the elderly; and ...: an increase in endolymph which usually leads to tinnitus (ringing) and/or vertigo |
-hair cells
-CN 8 -presbycusis -Meniere's disease |
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what do you do for Weber's test?
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place a vibrating tuning fork midline of the skull or on the bridge of the nose
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Weber's test is abnormal if ...
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you hear better in one ear
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weber's does not tell you what kind of sensory loss it is.
patients with a conductive hearing loss will hear the vibrations ... patients with a sensorineural hearing loss will hear the vibrations ... |
-on the side of the defective middle ear
-better in the normal ear |
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with the Weber test, a person hears better in the ear (with/without) the conductive loss
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with
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what test is used to determine whether a patient has a conductive hearing loss?
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rinne test
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what do you do for a Rinne test?
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put the base of a vibrating tuning fork on their mastoid process. When they stop hearing it, you place the tuning fork next to their ear. See if they hear it again.
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In Rinne Test,
-if the patient hears the sound again, then sensory loss is on the ... -if the patient does not hear the sound again, then conductive loss is on the ... -Always test the other ear for conformation |
opposite side
same side |
