Esws - Naval Heritage & Doctrine Fundamentals

Front 1

State the six areas that comprises Naval Doctrine

Back 1

Naval Command and Control
Naval Operations
Naval Warfare
Naval Logistics
Naval Intelligence
Naval Warfare

Front 2

Describe Naval Command and Control

Back 2

Provides the basic concepts to fufill the information needs of commanders, forces, and weapons systems

Front 3

Describe Naval Operations

Back 3

Develops doctrine to reaffirm the foundation of U.S. Navy and Marine Corps expeditionary maritime traditions.

Front 4

Describe Naval Warfare

Back 4

Describes the inherent nature and enduring principles of naval forces.

Front 5

Describe Naval Logistics

Back 5

Addresses the full range of logistical capabilities that are essential in the support of naval forces.

Front 6

Describe Naval Intelligence

Back 6

Points the way for intelligence support in meeting the requirements of both regional conflicts and operations other than war.

Front 7

Describe Naval Planning

Back 7

Examines planning and the relationship between our capabilities and operational planning in the joint and multinational environment.

Front 8

Name the principles of Naval Logistics

Back 8

Flexibility
Economy
Attainability
Responsiveness
Simplicity
Sustainability
Survivability

Front 9

Describe Naval Logistics Responsiveness

Back 9

The most important principle. Ensuring that adequate, required resources get where they belong. An important part of this principle is to ensure Commanders do not overestimate the needs of their subordinate commands. This could cause a slow-down in response to the most important items required.

Front 10

Describe Naval Logistics Simplicity

Back 10

Logistics support is not a simple evolution, but the logistics plans that utilize the basic standard support systems usually succed more often. Mission-oriented logistics support concepts and standardized procedures reduce confusion. Accurate and simple forecasting of needs helps in this area as well.

Front 11

Describe Naval Logistics Flexibility

Back 11

The system has to be adaptable to changing conditions. Logistics must be flexible enough to support changing missions, evolving concepts of operations, and dynamic situations. A thorough understanding of an operation enables logistic planners to properly support it. In striving for flexibility, the logistic commander considers such factors as alternative planning, anticipation, the use of reserve assets, and redundancy.

Front 12

Describe Naval Logistics Economy

Back 12

Economical use of logistics resources ensures support is available where and when it is most needed. Without economy, operational flexibility almost always suffers.

Front 13

Describe Naval Logistics Attainability

Back 13

The operational commander should determine the minimum essential requirements and ensure the adequate logistic support levels have ben attained before beginning combat operations. The ammount of time between the beginning of planning and the time of the actual operation helps in meeting this need. Of course, the more time allowed, the more the commander can be sure he has attained the maximum support required.

Front 14

Describe Naval Logistics Sustainability

Back 14

Being able to support the operation as long as it may last. Ensuring this principle is fulfilled is often the most difficult to attain. Effective support planning that incorporates economy, responsiveness and flexibility is a must. Sustainabliity is also influenced by our ability to maintain and protect the ships and aircraft that move material to and from the operational theater.

Front 15

Describe Naval Logistics Survivability

Back 15

Logistic support units and installations, lines of communication, transport equipment, and industrial centers are high-value targets that must be protected by both active and passive measures.

Front 16

What was the first navy ship named after an enlisted man?

Back 16

The USS Osmond Ingram (DD-255) named after the 1st enlisted man killed in WWI.

Front 17

Discuss the Hand Salute

Back 17

A centuries-old custom, probably originated when men in armor raised their helmet visors to be identified. Salute always from a position of attention, or, if walking, salute from an erect position.

Front 18

Discuss Saluting the Ensign

Back 18

Salute ensign when coming aboard or departing the ship. When passed by or passing the ensign being carried in military formation, all persons in the naval service must salute. Salutes to national ensign are perscribed in U.S. Navy Regulations, article 1007.

Front 19

Discuss Dipping the Ensign

Back 19

Merchant ships "salute" Navy ships by dipping their ensigns. The merchant ship lowers her national colors to half-mast. The navy ship, at her closest point of approach, lowers the ensign to half-mast for a few seconds, then closes it up, after which the merchant ship raises her own flag. Naval vessels dip the ensign *only to answer* a salute; they never salute first.

Front 20

Discuss Gun Salute

Back 20

Gun salutes perscribed by Navy Regulations are fired only by ships & stations designated by the Secretary of the Navy. A national salute of 21 guns is fired on Washington's Birthday, Memorial Day, 4th of July, and to honor the President of the use and heads of foreign states. Gun salutes for naval officers are as follows: admiral (17 guns), vice admiral (15), rear admiral upper half (13), rear admiral lower half (11). Salutes are fired at intervals of 5 seconds, and always in odd numbers.

Front 21

What dates are perscribed 21 gun salutes?

Back 21

Washington's Birthday
Memorial Day
4th of July

Front 22

What personnel are given a 21 gun salute?

Back 22

The President of the United States and heads of foreign states.

Front 23

How many gun salutes does an admiral receive?

Back 23

17 Guns

Front 24

How many gun salutes does a vice admiral receive?

Back 24

15 Guns

Front 25

How many gun salutes does a rear admiral upper half receive?

Back 25

13 Guns

Front 26

How many gun salutes does a rear admiral lower half receive?

Back 26

11 Guns.

Front 27

What interval are gun salutes conducted at?

Back 27

Intervals of 5 seconds

Front 28

What three classes of naval vessels existed at the inception of the Navy?

Back 28

Ships of the line
Frigates
Sloops of war

Front 29

Describe Ships of the line

Back 29

The "battleships" of the sailing days. The largest of all sailing warships, carrying between 64-100 guns.

Front 30

Describe Frigates

Back 30

The "cruisers" of the 18th century. Smaller, but faster than ships of the line, carrying 28-44 guns.

Front 31

Describe Sloops of war

Back 31

The small sailing warships, carrying 10-20 guns.

Front 32

Discuss the importance of the Battle of Coral Sea

Back 32

The Japanese and American fleets never saw each other during this battle. The battle was fought entirely with aircraft launched from carriers. The carrier Lexington was lost in this battle. Carrier-based aircraft attacked the Japanese landing forces as well as their task force. Port Moresby served as a staging area for the Japanese invasion of Australia. This battle was responsible for the abandonment of the Japanese attempt to land at Port Moresby.

Front 33

Discuss the importance of the Voyage of the Great White Fleet

Back 33

Four battleship divisions of the Atlantic Fleet completed a roun d-the-world voyage between 1907 and 1909. The ships had a peacetime white color scheme used at the time.

Front 34

Discuss the importance of the Battle of Normandy

Back 34

U.S. Navy ships and craft were involved in the largest amphibious assault ever (June 6, 1944). At one beach alone, 21,328 troops, 1,742 vehicles, and 1,695 tons of supplies were landed in 12 hours.

Front 35

Discuss the importance of the Battle of Midway

Back 35

The turning point of the Pacificwar, starting on June 3, 1942. The decisive defeat of the Japanese in this battle put an end to their thrust in the Central Pacific Ocean. Four Japanese carriers were lost, while the Americans only lost one (Yorktown).

Front 36

Discuss the importance of the Battle of Guadalcanal

Back 36

The Battle for Guadacanal started on 7 August 1942, and lasted until 9 February 1943. Five carriers took part in this battle. There wer other battles during this period. The battle of the Eastern Solomons and the Battle of Santa Cruz had elements of carrier onboard squadrons participating. Shore-based aircraft flew from heavily fortified Henderson Field on Guadalcanal. Carrier-based aircraft flew interceptor patrols and offensive missions against shipping.The aircraft provided close air support for the ground forces until the island was secured on 9 February 1943. This was largely due to Naval aviation elements involved in the Battle of Guadalcanal.

Front 37

Discuss the importance of the Battle of Leyte Gulf

Back 37

In 3 connected sea-air battles, the Japanese navy was virtually destroyed (23-25 Oct 1944).

Front 38

When was the Battle of Coral Sea?

Back 38

4-8 May, 1942

Front 39

When was the Voyage of the Great White Fleet?

Back 39

1907-1909

Front 40

When was the Battle of Normandy?

Back 40

6 June, 1944

Front 41

How many troops, vehicles, and supplies were landed at the Battle of Normandy?

Back 41

21,328 Troops
1,742 Vehicles
1,695 Tons of Supplies

Front 42

When was the Battle of Midway?

Back 42

3 June, 1942

Front 43

When was the Battle of Guadalcanal?

Back 43

7 August 1942 - 9 February 1943

Front 44

When was the battle of Leyte Gulf?

Back 44

23-25 October 1944

Front 45

Discuss the conditions that led to the formation of the U.S. Navy

Back 45

George Washington initiated America's first sea-based offensive against the Brittish. The armed vessels provided support to the colonial efforts, demonstrating the value of sea operations.
The initial continental fleet was assembled from converted merchantmen. To ward off smuggling, Alexander Hamilton (the first Secretary of the Treasury) proposed, and Congress authorized in 1790, a fleet of "ten boats for the collection of revenue." In 1794, Congress authorized the Department of War to build 6 frigates for the protection of American merchantmen from the Barbary corsairs. Four years later, Congress established the Department of the Navy, authorized the Marine Corps, and began the first significant buildup of naval forces.

Front 46

When did Congress authorize a fleet of "ten boats for the collection of revenue?"

Back 46

1790

Front 47

When did Congress authorize the Department of War to build 6 frigates for the protection of American merchantmen from the Barbary corsairs?

Back 47

1794

Front 48

When did congress establish the Department of the Navy?

Back 48

30 April, 1798

Front 49

State the qualities that characterize the Navy/Marine Corps team as instruments to support national policies

Back 49

The qualities of readiness, flexibility, self-sustainability, and mobility are those that define the essence of our naval services today. These qualities provide the National Command Authority with the tools required to safeguard vital national interests, such as continued availability of oil from foreign lands, and the maintenance of political and economic stability around the world.

Front 50

What are the qualities of the Navy/Marine Corps?

Back 50

Readiness
Flexibility
Self-sustainability
Mobility

Front 51

State the three levels of war

Back 51

Tactical
Operational
Strategic

The combination of these campaign objectives resulted in our overall victory in the Pacific Theater during WWII.

Front 52

Describe the Tactical level of war

Back 52

Involves the details of individual engagements

Front 53

Describe the Operational level of war

Back 53

Concerns forces collectively in a theater

Front 54

Describe the Strategic level of war

Back 54

Focuses on supporting national goals

Front 55

State the mission of Naval Logistics

Back 55

To provide and sustain our operational readiness by getting the right support to the right place at the right time. In peace, operational readiness stems from the ability of our naval forces to accomplish a wide range of day-to-day tasking. In war, operational readiness is the forerunner of war-fighting effectiveness.

Front 56

State the importance of planning to Naval Operations

Back 56

The first element of any operation is planning, especially in time of war. Planning links the military activities of a naval operation to military objectives. Naval planning is the means by which the commander coordinates naval force activities in time, space, and purpose in order to achieve naval, joint, and multinational unity of effort toward a strategic objective.