Digestive System Pathology Ch. 5

Front 1

Achalasia

Back 1

Failure of the lower esophagus sphincter muscle to relax

Front 2

Anal fistula

Back 2

Abnormal tube-like passageway near the anus

Front 3

Anorexia

Back 3

Lack of appetite

Front 4

Aphthous stomatitis

Back 4

Inflammation of the mouth with small, painful ulcers (canker sore)

Front 5

Ascites

Back 5

Abnormal accumulation in the abdomen

Front 6

Borborygmus

Back 6

Rumbling or gurgling noise produced by the movement of gas or fluid in the GI tract

Front 7

Cholelithiasis

Back 7

Gallstones in the gallbladder

Front 8

Cirrhosis

Back 8

Chronic degenerative disease of the liver - associated with jaundice

Front 9

Colonic polyps

Back 9

Benign growths that protrude from the mucous membrane of the colon

Front 10

Constipation

Back 10

Difficulty passing stools

Front 11

Crohn’s disease

Back 11

Chronic inflammation of the intestinal tract - autoimmune

Front 12

Dental carries

Back 12

Tooth decay

Front 13

Diarrhea

Back 13

Frequent passage of loose, watery stools

Front 14

Diverticulosis

Back 14

Abnormal outpouchings (herniations) in the intestinal wall

Front 15

Dysentery

Back 15

Painful, inflamed intestines commonly caused by bacterial infection

Front 16

Dysphagia

Back 16

Difficulty swallowing

Front 17

Eructation

Back 17

Gas expelled from the stomach through the mouth (burping)

Front 18

Esophageal varices

Back 18

Swollen, varicose veins at the lower end of the esophagus

Front 19

Flatus

Back 19

Gas expelled through the anus

Front 20

GERD

Back 20

Gastroesophageal reflux disease - solids and fluids return to the mouth from the stomach (heartburn)

Front 21

Hematochezia

Back 21

Passage of fresh, bright blood from the rectum

Front 22

Hemorrhoids

Back 22

Swollen, twisted, varicose veins in the rectal region

Front 23

Hernia

Back 23

Protrusion of an organ through the muscle normally containing it

Front 24

Herpetic stomatitis

Back 24

Inflammation of the mouth caused by infection with the herpes virus

Front 25

IBS

Back 25

Irritable bowel syndrome - group of GI symptoms associated with stress and tension

Front 26

Icterus

Back 26

Jaundice - yellow-orange coloration of the skin and everlasting of the eyes caused by hyperbilirubinemia

Front 27

Ileus

Back 27

Loss of peristalsis

Front 28

Intussusception

Back 28

Telescoping of the intestines

Front 29

Melena

Back 29

Black, tarry stools containing digested blood

Front 30

Nausea

Back 30

Unpleasant sensation in the stomach associated with a tendency to vomit

Front 31

Oral leukoplakia

Back 31

White plaques on the mucosa of the mouth

Front 32

Pancreatitis

Back 32

Inflammation of the pancreas

Front 33

Peptic ulcer

Back 33

Open sore in the lining of the stomach or duodenum

Front 34

Steatorrhea

Back 34

Fat in the feces (frothy and foul smelling stool)

Front 35

Ulcerative colitis

Back 35

Chronic inflammation of the colon with presence of ulcers

Front 36

Viral hepatitis

Back 36

Viral inflammation of the liver

Front 37

Volvulus

Back 37

Twisting of the intestine on itself