Devo Of The Muscular System

Front 1

Skeletal muscle is derived from?

Back 1

Paraxial Mesoderm

Front 2

Somites

Back 2

precusors for the muscles of the body wall and limbs

Front 3

Cells in the dorsolateral or dorsal part of the somite are under the influence of what gene and what do they become?

Back 3

Wnts gene; Dermomyotome (maintain their epithelial characteristics)

Front 4

What do Dermomyotomes become

Back 4

Myogenic Cells forming a layer called myotome (DM undergo epithelium to mesenchye trasformation[emt]); if EMT happens again, the cells turn into dermatomes and contribute to the formation of the dermis of the skin on the back

Front 5

Lateral Somite Frontier

Back 5

The boundary between the lateral edge of the somite and the medial edge of the LM

Front 6

Cells on the dorsomedial side are influenced by what patterening signals and express what regulatory factors?

Back 6

Wnt and Shh influence; myogenic regulatory factors Myf5 and MyoD are expressed (form the intrinsic muscles of the back as well as the prevertebral and intercostal muscles (become attached to bones derived from the scleratome cells of the somite-PRIMAXIAL DOMAIN)

Front 7

Wnt and Bmp4 act on the ventrolateral edge of DM to make what?

Back 7

They express MyoD and become the muscles of the abdominal wall, the limbs, and the infrahyoid muscles (ABAXIAL DOMAIN)

Front 8

myoblats do what?

Back 8

Begin to synthesize actin and myosin; once in definitive location, they begin to secrete the adhesive glycoprotein FIBRONECTIN;

Front 9

M-cadherin

Back 9

helps myoblasts fuse into multinucleated myotubes

Front 10

Myotubes

Back 10

have troponin and topomyosin mediate myofiber and sacromere formation resulting in Muscle Fiber; The first muscle fibers to form are primary muscle fibers; skeletal muscle formation is said to be finished at birth

Front 11

Epaxial muscles are innervated by?

Back 11

Dorsal primary rami

Front 12

Hypaxial muscles are innnervated by?

Back 12

Ventral Primary Rami; (Abaxial Domain)

Front 13

Prune Belly Syndrome

Back 13

1: Absence of abdominal muscles 2: undescended testicles 3: bladder and urinary tract anomalies

Front 14

Poland Sequence

Back 14

absence of the pectoralis major muscle

Front 15

Congenital Muscular Torticollis

Back 15

Characterized by a fixed rotation and tilting of the head to one side; more common to right side; Defect with the SCM muscle

Front 16

Muscular Dystrophy

Back 16

Family of genetic diseases exhibiting progressive weakness and deterioration of skeletal muscle but without CNS or peripheral nervous pathology; Duchennne-most common and x-linked, lack dystrophin which causes damaged muscle to be replaced by fibrous tissue; Becker's type is less severe

Front 17

DorsoLATERAL demomyotomes become?

Back 17

Abaxial skeletal muscles (ab wall, limb, and infrahyoid muscles)

Front 18

DosoMEDIAL dermomyotomes become?

Back 18

Primaxial skeletal muscles (Intrinsic back prevertebral intercostal muscles)