Devo Of Skeletal Tissues

Front 1

Skeletal Tissue Forming Mesenchyme (STFM)

Back 1

Bone and cartilage develop from this type of mesenchyme; orginates in the trunk from SCLERATOME (tissues of somites paraxial mesoder) and SOMATIC MESODERM (lateral mesoderm)

Front 2

At the site of bone cartilage the STFM forms what?

Back 2

a Preskeletal Condensation of epithelial like cells expressing N-cadherin

Front 3

What Trascription factor forms cartilage

Back 3

Sox-9; The STFM turns into Chondroblasts that secrete Type II collagen

Front 4

What Transcription factor forms bone?

Back 4

Runx-2

Front 5

What determines what type of cartilage is formed?

Back 5

Matrix composition; Perichondrium will form around developing hyaline and elastic cartilage elements

Front 6

Osteoblasts secrete what?>

Back 6

Type I collagen

Front 7

Intramembranous ossification

Back 7

Bones that form directly from a preskeletal condensation that resembles a membrane of mesenchymal cells

Front 8

Endochondral Ossification

Back 8

Most bones; The cells in the STFM condensation from a cartilage model of the bone; the process usually begins in the middle of the cartilage model (long bones); the epuphysis will ossify at a later time (first t-factors are ihh, and Vegf)

Front 9

Ossification Centers

Back 9

are the areas of a bone primordia in which the ossification process begins (important for bone age)

Front 10

Secondary ossification centers

Back 10

Additional centers of bone formation appearing in the prenatal, the postnatal or the postpuberal period

Front 11

Primary ossification center

Back 11

the initial ossification center to form in a developing bone

Front 12

Chondrodystrophias

Back 12

Disorders characterized by disaproportionate growth

Front 13

Achondroplasia

Back 13

Autosomal dominant condition that affects 1/1000 live births; 80% of the cases appear spontaneously; Achondroplasia is the most common cause of short stature (dwarfism) ; shortened limbs, lordosis; Mutation in Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 3

Front 14

Marfan Syndrome

Back 14

Spider-like elongated digits and may also have aortic aneurysms, eye and spine abnormalities and joint hypermobility; Autosomal dominant; Defect production of FIBRILLIN a component of the ECM

Front 15

Mucopolysaccharidoses

Back 15

Family of metabolic diseases that affect bone formation resulting in dwarfism and bone irregularities; Autosomal recessive; accumulation of glycosaminoglycans in tissues and cells. chronic progressive distortions of the face and skull, thickened hairy skin, organ enlargement and altered mental development

Front 16

Osteogenesis Imperfecta

Back 16

(brittle bones); Defect in Type I collagen gene, dominant inheritance; multiple fracutures, BLUE SCLERA, ears jounts, spine and teeth; severe to mild

Front 17

Hyperpituiarism

Back 17

overproduction of growth hormone usually due to a tumor of pituitary gland tissue. Acromegaly (after plates have closed)

Front 18

Hypothyroidism

Back 18

Pituitary dwarf (cretinism); experience mental retardation as well as skeletal are ear anomalies; Their bone age is younger than it should be for their chronological age

Front 19

The first step of tissue development is

Back 19

Condensation of preskeletal mesenchyme