Computer Information Systems Test #2

Front 1

a question asked about data stored within a database

Back 1

query

Front 2

A ____ can be used to extract data from one or more tables.

Back 2

query

Front 3

What are some things a query allows you to do?

Back 3

- Display selected fields and records from one or more tables or queries
- Sort records
- Perform calculations
- Generate data for forms, reports, or other queries
- Update data in the tables
- Create new tables
- Delete records in a table based upon one or more criteria

Front 4

Relational Databases use a common language for queries called _____________ (SQL).

Back 4

Structured Query Language

Front 5

Each Database Management Systems may have their own ______ to the Structured Query Language (SQL)

Back 5

extensions

Front 6

A Structure Query Language Statement that gets information from the database

Back 6

select statement

Front 7

A Structure Query Language Statement that updates records

Back 7

update statement

Front 8

A Structure Query Language Statement that inserts records into a table

Back 8

insert statement

Front 9

A Structure Query Language Statement that deletes records

Back 9

delete statement

Front 10

A Structure Query Language Select Statement Select ....?

Back 10

Lists the fields to be displayed

Front 11

A Structure Query Language Select Statement selects from

Back 11

lists the table(s) used

Front 12

A Structure Query Language Select Statement specifies the _______ for the statement (where)

Back 12

criteria

Front 13

A Structure Query Language Select Statement uses ______ operators (<,=,>,etc.) (where)

Back 13

comparison

Front 14

A Structure Query Language Select Statement groups records with identical _____ in specified _____ into a ______ record.

Back 14

values, fields, single

Front 15

A Structure Query Language Select Statement HAVING list the ______ for selecting _______ records

Back 15

conditions, grouped

Front 16

A Structure Query Language Select Statement is ordered by listing the ______ to sort the resulting ____ by

Back 16

field(s), data

Front 17

SQL Select- lists the fields to be displayed

Back 17

select

Front 18

SQL Select- lists the table(s) used

Back 18

from

Front 19

SQL Select- specifies the criteria for the statement, uses comparison operators (<,=,>, etc.)

Back 19

where

Front 20

SQL Select- groups records with identical values in specified fields into a single record

Back 20

group by

Front 21

SQL Select- list the conditions for selecting grouped records

Back 21

having

Front 22

SQL Select- list the field(s) to sort the resulting data by

Back 22

order by

Front 23

Microsoft Access has a query building interface called ______.

Back 23

QBE (Query by Example)

Front 24

Queries can be built without knowing ___. The QBE interface buildings the _____ statements.

Back 24

SQL (x2)

Front 25

A ____ database consists of information stored in tables (rows and columns).

Back 25

relational

Front 26

In relational databases, each table stores data about a single type of ______.

Back 26

entity

Front 27

With relational databases, relationships between ______ can be established to ____ information from multiple related tables.

Back 27

tables, extract

Front 28

Relational Database Terms - defines a single piece of information to be stored about a single entity

Back 28

field

Front 29

A field (relational database) is also known as a _______.

Back 29

column

Front 30

Relational Database Terms- the field that contains a unique value for each record; used to identify a single entity

Back 30

key field

Front 31

A key field (relational database) is also known as a

Back 31

primary key

Front 32

Relational Database Terms- a key made up of more than one field, where the combination of field values are unique

Back 32

compound key

Front 33

Relational Database Terms- a group of fields about a single entity

Back 33

record

Front 34

A record (relational database) is also known as a ____

Back 34

row

Front 35

Relational Database Terms- stores information about multiple entities of the same type

Back 35

table

Front 36

a statement that extracts data from or updates data in one or more tables

Back 36

query

Front 37

When creating a database, the most important aspect of a relational database is the ____ and ____ of the tables.

Back 37

structure, definition

Front 38

When creating a database, determine the different types of ___ for which data will be stored.

Back 38

entities

Front 39

When creating a database, define the _____ or the type of ____ stored about each entity.

Back 39

fields, data

Front 40

When creating a database, identify the _____ field for each table.

Back 40

key

Front 41

When creating a database, structure the tables to reduce __________.

Back 41

data redundancy

Front 42

Structuring the tables to reduce data redundancy is known as _____?

Back 42

normalization

Front 43

When creating a database, establish ______ between the tables.

Back 43

relationships

Front 44

When normalizing data, a table is separated into multiple ___, a ____ is identified for each table, and ___ keys are used to create the relationships between tables.

Back 44

tables, key, foreign

Front 45

When defining a table, you begin by identifying a type of _____ that data will be stored for.

Back 45

entity

Front 46

When defining a table, after identifying a type of entity that data will be stored for, you identify the ______ for each entity.

Back 46

fields

Front 47

When defining a table, after identifying the fields for each entity, you determine which field is the ______ key for each table.

Back 47

primary

Front 48

After determining which field is the primary key in a table when defining a table, the next thing you do is determine the ____ type of each field.

Back 48

data

Front 49

What are some common data types?

Back 49

text, number, date/time, currency, boolean

Front 50

A common data type - boolean - will contain a ___/____, _____,____ value.

Back 50

True/False, Yes/No

Front 51

When defining a table, for a text field the number of _______ must be specified.

Back 51

characters

Front 52

When defining a table, for a numeric field the type of ___ (integer or floating point) will need to be specified

Back 52

number

Front 53

Three types of relationships between tables:

Back 53

one-to-one, one-to-many, many-to-many

Front 54

For each record in one table there is one corresponding record in another table. What relationship between tables is this?

Back 54

one-to-one

Front 55

For each record in one table there are more than one corresponding record in another table. This is the most common. What relationship between tables is this?

Back 55

one-to-many

Front 56

For each record in each table there are more than one corresponding record in another table. What relationship between tables is this?

Back 56

many-to-many

Front 57

A many-to-many relationship usually indicates the necessity to create an additional ____ and two _______ relationships.

Back 57

table, one-to-many

Front 58

A _______ is useful in modeling the database tables.

Back 58

Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD)

Front 59

With an entity relationship diagram, each table is represented by a _____, with the table __ specified at the top, and a list of ____ included in the rectangle. Relationships are represented with _____ between the rectangles.

Back 59

rectangle, name, fields, lines

Front 60

a set of rules to maintain consistency between tables

Back 60

referential integrity

Front 61

About Referential Integrity: When a record is added that has a foreign key, there must be a matching record in the table with the ___ key. When a record in the primary table is deleted, the records in the related table with the matching foreign key are _____. The delete can be ____ or all of the records in the second table with the matching foreign key must be _______.

Back 61

primary, orphaned, prevented, deleted

Front 62

a process used to structure tables to prevent data redundancy and data inconsistencies, a three step process

Back 62

normalization

Front 63

the steps of normalization are called ______

Back 63

normal forms

Front 64

Each normal form is built upon the ______ one.

Back 64

previous

Front 65

Each table must be in ____ normal form.

Back 65

3rd

Front 66

What normal form is a table in if no field has multiple values and a second table is created with the repeating fields to establish a one-to-many relationship?

Back 66

first normal form (1nf)

Front 67

What normal form is a table in if it is first in 1NF and if no fields are dependent on part of a compound key. This indicates two different entities. Create a second table with part of the compound key as its key.

Back 67

Second normal form (2nf)

Front 68

What normal form is a table in if it is first in 2nf and if no fields are dependent on a field other than the key. This indicates that a field is one that can be calculated from other fields, or that there is another entity. If the field is calculated, there is no need to include it. If there is another entity, create a new table and establish a one-to-many relationship.

Back 68

Third normal form (3nf)

Front 69

a vast network of computers that connects millions of people all over the world. Makes the web possible.

Back 69

internet

Front 70

A multimedia based collection of information, services, and Web sites supported by the internet. Uses hypertext and hypermedia technology

Back 70

world wide web

Front 71

The origin of the internet came from the ____________ network and began with ___ research in 1957 to provide protection from nuclear strike. Connected computers formed ARPANET in 1969. It allowed computers at leading universities and research organizations to communicate with each other over great distances.

Back 71

Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPAMET), military

Front 72

The internet is a ______ network

Back 72

client/server

Front 73

With a _____ computer, users connected to the internet, requests data and web pages

Back 73

client

Front 74

With a _____ computer, stores web pages and data and returns the requested data to the client

Back 74

server

Front 75

What type of server provides information and services to web surfers?

Back 75

web server

Front 76

What type of server maintains a collection of files that can be downloaded?

Back 76

ftp server

Front 77

What type of server supports use of discussion groups and chat rooms?

Back 77

irc server

Front 78

What type of server provides e-mail services and accounts?

Back 78

mail server

Front 79

a set of rules that every computer follows to transfer information; different types of computers handle information in different forms

Back 79

communications protocol

Front 80

A type of communication protocol that is the basic protocol that makes the internet work

Back 80

TCP/IP (Transfer Control Protocol/Internet Protocol)

Front 81

A type of communication protocol that supports movement of info over the web. To access a website, you use ____ and _____.

Back 81

Hypertext transfer protocol (http), TCP/IP, http

Front 82

A type of communication protocol that transfers files from one computer to another and can download a variety of file types

Back 82

file transfer protocol (FTP)

Front 83

a computer connected to the internet

Back 83

host

Front 84

a unique identifying number for each host that consists of a set of four numbers between 0 and 255 separated by periods

Back 84

IP address

Front 85

When connecting to the internet, there are ____ and ____ connections.

Back 85

dial-up, broadband

Front 86

types of broadband connections

Back 86

cable, satellite, DSL

Front 87

a broadband connection that uses coaxial cable and a cable modem, fast connection speed that depends on number of users, not available in all areas

Back 87

cable

Front 88

a broadband connection that uses telephone lines, is faster than dial-up, doesn't tie up the line, and requires special modem

Back 88

Digital Subscriber line (DSL)

Front 89

a broadband connection that sends light through fiber optics, is fast but expensive, only available in certain areas

Back 89

fiber optic internet

Front 90

a type of broadband connections that uses a satellite dish and coaxial cable, almost anyone in the U.S. can receive this service, and the signal is affected by location and weather

Back 90

satellite

Front 91

a type of connection that uses standard telephone line and has the slowest connection speech

Back 91

dial-up

Front 92

Internet service _____ provide user access to the Internet. With broadband connection, broadband provider is your ISP. With a dial-up connection you need to determine ISPs available in your area.

Back 92

providers

Front 93

Types of internet communications:

Back 93

instant messaging, podcasts, blogs and vlogs, webcasts, wikis, voice over internet (VoIP), E-mail

Front 94

Group internet communications:

Back 94

internet social network, multiplayer online game services, chat rooms, newsgroup, listservs

Front 95

real-time text-based conversations

Back 95

instant messaging

Front 96

compressed audio/video files distributed on the internet

Back 96

podcasts

Front 97

RSS technology for podcasts allows constant updates for subscribers. What does RSS stand for?

Back 97

Really Simple Syndication

Front 98

broadcast of audio/visual content over the internet

Back 98

webcast

Front 99

web site that allows anyone to change its content

Back 99

wiki

Front 100

using the internet to place phone calls

Back 100

voice over internet protocol (VoIP)

Front 101

online personal networks where members share common interests, create personalized profiles

Back 101

social networks

Front 102

real-time text-based conversations; rooms focus on specific topics or interests

Back 102

chat rooms

Front 103

online discussion forums, members post and reply to messages, create or respond to "threads"

Back 103

newsgroups

Front 104

The technology used in the world wide web is called hypertext. Documents are connected using ______ and are written in _______ language.

Back 104

hyperlinks, hypertext mark-up (HTML)

Front 105

used to surf the web

Back 105

web browser software

Front 106

specific location on the web

Back 106

web site

Front 107

specific portion of a web site

Back 107

web page

Front 108

unique name (domain name) for an entire web site

Back 108

web site address

Front 109

unique name (URL) for a web page within a web site

Back 109

web page address

Front 110

collection of related web pages, first page known as home or index page

Back 110

web site

Front 111

html document with text and graphics, unique address, hyperlinks

Back 111

web page

Front 112

identifies a specific computer on the internet, associated with an ip address

Back 112

domain name

Front 113

address for a specific page or document, techical name, often called "web page" or "address"

Back 113

URL (uniform resource locater)

Front 114

.com can be used by ____

Back 114

anyone

Front 115

.edu is for degree granting _____

Back 115

institutions

Front 116

.gov means its a ______ website

Back 116

u.s. government

Front 117

.net is for _____ organizations

Back 117

networking

Front 118

.org is for _______, often non_____

Back 118

organizations, nonprofits

Front 119

Web pages are created using this programming language. It describes the layout and content of the page. The web browser "interprets" the language source and displays what is described.

Back 119

HTML - HyperText Markup Language

Front 120

text files stored on client computers when visiting web sites, used on return visits to websites unique id number, personal information remembered, privacy risk

Back 120

cookies

Front 121

programs that download on your PC when you install/use other software and enable sponsored ads to appear in your browser window or as pop-up

Back 121

adware

Front 122

______ is added as a program piggybacked with a requested program. It gathers information, usually about surfing habits and isn't detected by antivirus software. ______ removal programs are required.

Back 122

Spyware (x2)

Front 123

Software that has a malicious intent, spyware is a form of it, other forms are viruses, worms, and trojan horses. It is designed to render a computer useless or penetrate it completely

Back 123

malware

Front 124

phony communication that attempts to scam someone into revealing personal information

Back 124

phishing

Front 125

contain information that is untrue, may request that people send money

Back 125

hoaxes

Front 126

What are three types of ways E-commerce goes about conducting business online?

Back 126

business-to-consumer (B2C), business-to-business (B2B), and consumer-to-consumer (C2C)

Front 127

E Commerce safeguards are that _____ transactions can be safer than traditional retail shopping. A closed _____ icon indicates a secure website and the url changes from http to https.

Back 127

transactions, padlock

Front 128

two or more computers connected together

Back 128

computer network

Front 129

devices connected to networks

Back 129

nodes

Front 130

benefits of a network:

Back 130

sharing resources, transferring files

Front 131

There is a _____ in each computer to act as a doorway for information to move in and out.

Back 131

network interface card

Front 132

A _____ provides a pathway for information to move around on wireless devices that propel information through the air

Back 132

cable

Front 133

A Network _______ is in place to move information in and out of the computer and to facilitate communications among several computers

Back 133

operating system

Front 134

A ______ network design is locally administered and used for small networks (2-5 computers). A ________ network design is centrally administered, used for large networks, used by the internet.

Back 134

Peer-to-peer, Client/Server

Front 135

network where a few computers share hardware and information, all computers are equal, and each can have access to devices and files on the others, each computer independently stores its own software and information, but can access the information on the other computers, all computers can access devices connected to any of the other computers

Back 135

peer-to-peer networks

Front 136

a network i which one or more computers are servers and provide services to other computers, which are called clients. Servers have hardware, software, and/or information that the client computers can access. Servers are usually powerful computers with large storage systems.

Back 136

Client/Server networks

Front 137

criminal acts conducted through the use of computers by cybercriminals

Back 137

cybercrimes

Front 138

anyone who unlawfully accesses a computer system

Back 138

hackers

Front 139

Hackers can gain ___ access by hacking software or __ access by internet connection and logical ports.

Back 139

direct, indirect

Front 140

software programs or hardware designed to close logical ports to invaders

Back 140

firewalls

Front 141

a program that attaches itself to another program and spreads itself to other computers, hidden within the code of a host program

Back 141

viruses

Front 142

a type of virus that replicates themselves in the boot sector of the hard drive

Back 142

boot-sector viruses

Front 143

a type of virus that activates when certain conditions are met

Back 143

logic bombs

Front 144

a type of virus that is triggered by the passage of time or on a certain date

Back 144

time bombs

Front 145

a type of virus that travels between systems through networks

Back 145

worms

Front 146

a type of virus that is hidden on web pages as mini programs

Back 146

script viruses

Front 147

a type of virus that attaches to documents

Back 147

macro viruses

Front 148

a type of virus that uses a e-mail address book to distribute the virus

Back 148

e-mail virus

Front 149

a type of virus that compresses files using a complex encryption key, and user must pay to get the files unlocked

Back 149

encryption viruses

Front 150

a virus that periodically rewrite themselves to avoid detection

Back 150

polymorphic virus

Front 151

a virus that infects multiple file types

Back 151

multipartite virus

Front 152

a virus that erases its code from the hard drive and resides in the active memory

Back 152

stealth virus

Front 153

programs designed to detect viruses

Back 153

antivirus software

Front 154

Network Navigation devices. A _______ connects computers in a network and is the simplest form of connection computers. A _____ receives and retransmits data to nodes on the same network, sends messages only to the computer that is the intended recipient, can handle multiple communications channels at the same time, can temporarily segment parts of the network with high traffic from the rest of the network. _____ connect computers into a network, and also connects dissimilar networks together.

Back 154

hubs, switch, router

Front 155

_____ media provides communications channel between nodes.

Back 155

transmission

Front 156

In what type of network are nodes within a small geographic region such as homes, schools, or small business?

Back 156

Local area network (LAN)

Front 157

In what type of network are LANS connected over long distances using telecommunications lines?

Back 157

Wide area network (WAN)

Front 158

want it to reference that cell no matter where you copy the formula

Back 158

absolute referencing

Front 159

What are the Golden Rules for Excel?

Back 159

1. Never enter data into a spreadsheet that you can reference or calculate from existing data.
2. When you write a formula, write it so you can copy it.

Front 160

(E-commerce) exchanges that take place between businesses and consumers

Back 160

business-to-consumer

Front 161

(E-commerce) businesses buying and selling goods and services to other businesses

Back 161

business-to-business

Front 162

(E-commerce) consumers selling to each other through online auction and exchange sites

Back 162

consumer-to-consumer

Front 163

the process of conducting business online, such as through advertising and selling products

Back 163

E-commerce / electronic commerce

Front 164

two types of network architectures

Back 164

peer to peer and client/server