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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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US Dept of health and human services (USDHHS)
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federal agency (agency most heavily inv with the health and welfare concerns of US citizens)
deals with most health care legislation |
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Federal Health Agencies (under HHS)
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HRSA -- Health Resources and Services Admin
CDC AHRQ -- Agency for HC Research and Quality CMS -- Ctrs for Medicare adn Medicaid Services |
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other federal health agencies
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OSHA (EPA)
WIC (Dept of Agriculture) Prison Medical Serv (Dept of Justice) |
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International health Agencies
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UN (unicef)
WHO |
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State and Local Health Agencies
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State Bd of Nurse Examiners (inc State Bd of Nursing)
Board of health, education and corrections County health depts and county schools |
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AHRQ (Ag for HC Research and Quality)
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mission is to support healthcare related research
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Gov't HC Fxs (5)
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Direct Services--prov HC to certain gps (military, prisoners
Financing--finance via Medicare, Medicaid, SS, SCHIP, nursing education Information--collect, analyze, disseminate info (vital stats, census, health status surveys) Policy Setting-- Public Protection--regulation of air and water quality, regualtion food, drug and animal transportation, vax requirements |
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Sheppard-Towner Act of 1921
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imp role in public health nursing and social welfare, esp for women and children
influential in dev of WIC |
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Healthy People
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dev 1979 by SG, 20 yr focus of promoting health, prev dz
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Federal non-health agencies
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1. Commerce-- Census Bureau (information fx)
NOAA (air quality) 2. Defense--(military healthcare) 3. Labor--(OSHA) 4. Agriculture--Food and Nutrition Serv (WIC, school lunch program, food stamps) 5. Justice--(healthcare of prisoners) |
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State Nurse practice act
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est State Bd of Nursing
oversees licensure defines practice of professional nursing |
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Nursing Scope of Practice
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defines nursing
sets credentials distinguishes nurses role |
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Professional Negligece (in nursing)
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malpractice
act of failure to act that results in injury to pt |
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respondeat superior
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in ref to malpractice/suing
by directing a nurse to act, the employer becomes responsible for the negligence, along with the nurse |
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sovereign immunity
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special immunity granted to some public agency employed nurses extending immunity to all aspects of their practice
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categorical funding
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funds used to conduct a specific program (earmarked money) ie tb screening, HIV home care, etc
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police power
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state power concerning healthcare
allows immunization requirements, tb case finding, monitoring, etc |
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medicare/medicaid
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passed in 1965
to provide services for older adults, disabled and categorically poor |
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Two legal aspects esp relevent to nursing practice
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professional negligence
scope of practice |
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agency most directly involved with the health and welfare of Americans is
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USDHHS
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Four major healthcare fx of the fed govt are
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direct service
financing information policy setting |
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goal of the WHO
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the attainment by all ppl of the highest possible level of health
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Demographic trends affecting healthcare system
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1. Fertility--2000, fertility rate exc replacement rate
2. average age--inc elderly population, aging baby boomer generation 3. minority groups--growth in hispanic, AA, asian pops 4. household comp--traditional fam structure less common 5. mortality--steady decline in mortality rates |
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Other trends affecting healthcare
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rising cost of healthcare, lack of insurance coverage
increase in average per-person income, but sig layoffs gap increasing between rich and poor |
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problems in current healthcare system
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1. cost of hc continue to rise
2. access--1 in 7 have diff accessing care, uninsured, two class system of health care 3. quality--trading quality for lower costs |
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primary care
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personal healthcare that provides first constact and continuous care for most common needs
provides preventive, curative and rehabilitative servs |
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primary health care
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essential care made universally accessible to indiv within a community
includes public health |
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state public health agency
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monitor health status, needs of state
develop regs for laws plan implementation and evaluation of fed programs at state level |
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community oriented primary care model
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community responsive model of HC delivery that integrates primary care and public health
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nurses are well suited for a COPC model because of
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skills in assessment, health promotion, disease prevention, knowledge of community resources and ability to develop relationships with community membs and leaders
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US healthcare is made up of
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personal care system and public health system, with overlaps btw the two
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number of ppl in US who are uninsured
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47 mi
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