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75 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the formula for Iron(II) Phosphate? |
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How does a balanced chemical reaction relate to the Law of Conservation of Mass? |
Balanced questions must have the same number of each type of atom on each side of the equation, because what reacts is only rearranged on the product side, no matter is created or lost. |
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125 grams |
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20 mol Al |
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3 mol Nitrogen Gas |
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311 g LiF |
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36 g Water |
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What is matter?
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Anything that has mass and takes up space
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What is accuracy?
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Closeness of a measurement to the actual value
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What is precision?
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Closness of a series of values to each other
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What state of mater has a flexible volume and shape?
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Gas
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What state of matter has a definite volume and shape?
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Solid
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What state of matter has a definite volume and a flexible shape?
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Liquid
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Where are the nonmetals?
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hydrogen and 0,1,2,3,4,6 on right side
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Where are the metalloids?
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Stair steps between the metals and nonmetals on the right side
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What are ionic compounds?
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Bonds between metals and nonmetals
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What are covalent compounds?
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Bonds between nonmetals
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How do you name ionic compounds between 2 elements?
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Cation, anion + –ide
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How do you name ionic compounds with a polyatomic ion?
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Cation, polyatomic ion name
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How do you name an ionic compund containing a transition metal?
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transition metal name and charge (roman numeral), anion with –ide ending
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How do you name a covalent compound between 2 nonmetals?
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Cation plus prefix (except for when it is mono) and anion plus prefix with –ide ending
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What is the polarity if it is symmetrical?
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Nonpolar
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What is the polarity if it is not symmetrical?
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Polar
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What are the properties of ionic compounds?
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high melting and boiling points, soluble in water, electrolytes in water, good conductors of heat and electricity, brittle and hard
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What are spectator ions?
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Spectator ions are the ions that remain dissolved in aqueous solution before AND after the reaction (they do not undergo a chemical change).
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What is the empirical formula?
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The formula in the lowest whole number ratio between elements
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What is the molecular formula?
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Shows the actual formula, which could be the same as the empirical, or some whole number ratio of it.
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How do you find the number of atoms from the number of moles?
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multiply moles times 6.02 x 10^23
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How do you find the moles of an element in the compound from the number of moles of compound?
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Use the equation to multiply the moles of compound x (moles of element/moles of compound)
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What is the limiting reactant?
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The one that limits the amount of product and determines the amount of product produced (makes the fewest grams of reactant)
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What do solids look like in their molecular motion and particle spacing?
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Tightly packed with little motion
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What do liquids look like in their particle motion and spacing?
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More loosely packed with a little more movement.
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What do gases look like in their molecular motion and particle spacing?
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Very loosely packed and moving in constant, random motion
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What is a hydrogen bond?
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An attractive force between a highly electronegative atom and hydrogen
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What are the 2 parts of a solution?
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Solute (being dissolved); Solvent (doing dissolving)
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What is a solution?
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A homogeneous mixture with particles that are not visible
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How do you determine molarity?
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moles of solute/liters solution
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How can the rate of a chemical equation be changed?
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Heat, stir, increase concentration, addition of a catalyst or inhibitor
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How does adding reactants affect equilibrium?
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Shift to the right
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When a reaction is endothermic (heat on the left), what does adding heat do?
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Shift to the right
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How does removing products affect equilibrium?
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Shift to the right
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24.9 mol |
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33.3 g Ca |
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The number 0.02340 has __ significant figures. |
4 |
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The number 6.7040 has __ significant figures. |
5 |
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The number 5,602,000 has __ significant figures. |
4 |
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What is the answer to 2.54 + 2.9898 with the proper numberof significant figures? |
5.53 |
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If you massed two objects on different electronicbalances and got the masses of 1.304 grams and 1.21 grams, how would you recordthe total mass with the proper number of significant figures? |
2.51 |
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How many significant figures should be in your answerto 6.500 x 1000? |
1 |
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What is the answer to 5.4/2.31 with the proper numberof significant figures? |
2.3 |
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A reaction yields 6.26 g of a product. What is thepercent yield if the theoretical yield is 18.81 g? |
33.3% |
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Calculate the percenterror if you do an experiment and find the boiling point of ethanol to be76.5°C but the Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 2013 edition says that it is78.37°C. |
2.4% |
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What three things will increase the rate of dissolution? |
Stirring (agitation), increasing surface area (smaller particles, breaking it up), heat (increase temp.) |
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Toprepare exactly 500 mL of a 2.50 M solution of calcium nitrate (Ca(NO3)2:FW=164.09 g/mol) solution, _____ g of the salt would be required. |
205 |
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A6.0 M solution of HCl is diluted to 1.0 M. Approximately how many milliliters of the 6.0 M solution would be usedto prepare 100.0 mL of the diluted 1.0 M solution? |
17 mL |
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Toprepare 1.0 L of a 0.100 M solution of phosphoric acid, _____ mL of theconcentrated solution (15 M) is required. |
6.67 mL |
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You have 50 mL of a 5.4 M NaNO3 (FW=84.99g/mol) solution. How many grams of NaNO3are dissolved? |
22.9 g NaNO3 |
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273 |
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What is 25 degrees Celsius when converted to Kelvin? |
298 K |
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What is the volume of 3 moles of hydrogen gas at STP (standard temperature and pressure)? |
67.2 L |
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If I have 4.0 moles of a gas at a pressure of 5.6 atm and a volume of 12liters, what is the temperature? |
PV=nRT 205 K |
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If I have an unknown quantity of gas at a pressure of 1.2 atm, a volumeof 31 liters, and a temperature of 87 0C, how many moles of gas do Ihave? |
PV=nRT 1.25 mol |
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If there are 3.75 moles of gas in a container with a volume of 60.0liters, at a temperature of 400 K, what is the pressure inside the container? |
pv=nrt P = 2.05 atm |
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Collision Theory: What two things must happen in order for two particles to react? how does increasing these two things affect the rate(speed) of a chemical reaction? |
the force of the collision (it must have enough energy), and the orientation of the particles. Important: The more collisions, the faster a reaction will occur. |
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When performing a limiting reactant calculation, is the larger or smaller value the theoretical yield? |
Smaller, the limiting reactant produces the theoretical yield. |
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The equilibrium concentration of ammonia is affected by a change in temperature. |
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A. there are the same number of gas particles on both sides of the equation, so the equilibrium won't shift if temperature changes. |
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Define Exothermic. |
any reaction the releases(produces) heat (energy). this means that the energy of the products are lower than the reactants. |
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Define Endothermic. |
Any reaction the absorbs (reactants side) heat (energy). This means that the energy of the reactants is lower than the products. |
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Finish this sentence: Temperature is a measurement of... |
the AVERAGE KINETIC ENERGY of a system. |
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As a gas is compressed into a liquid, what happens to the temperature of the substance? |
the temperature would increase. this is an exothermic process because liquid particles have less energy than gas particles and would thus release energy (heat) and increase the temp. |
