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65 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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What is the equation for density? |
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What are the digits reported in an answer? |
Significant figures |
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All final _____ to the right of the decimal place are not significant. |
Zeros |
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What type of numbers are always significant? |
Non-zero |
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Zeros that act as ________ are not significant |
Placeholders |
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What do you convert to when you remove the zeros |
Scientific notation |
1x10 |
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Base unit of TIME |
Seconds aka s |
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Base unit of MASS |
Kilogram aka kg |
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Base unit of TEMPATURE |
Kelvin aka k |
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Base unit of LENGTH |
Meter aka m |
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Example of second |
The microwave frequency given off by a Cesium-133 atom |
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What is absolute zero? |
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The distance that light travels through a vacuum |
Meter |
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A platinum-iridium cylinder that is stored at constant temperature and humidity |
Kilogram |
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A cube who's all sides measure exactly one meter |
Cubic meter |
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What is a constant? |
A factor that is not allowed to change during an experiment |
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What is a control? |
Standard for comparison |
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What is a hypothesis? |
Tentative explanation for observations |
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What is a theory? |
An explanation explained by many experiments |
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What is a model? |
Visual, verbal or mathematical explanation for how things occur |
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What is a substance that can't be separated into simpler substances by any means |
An element |
Ex) air |
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What is a chemical combination of two or more elements? |
Compound |
Ex) aspirin |
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What are the steps of the scientific method? |
1. |
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What are the horizontal rows on the periodic table? |
Periods |
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What are the vertical columns on the periodic table? |
Groups or families |
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What separates substances on the basis of boiling points? |
Distillation |
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What separates by formation of a solid, pure particles from a solution? |
Crystallization |
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What separates based on their movement through a special paper? |
Chromatography |
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What separates solids from liquids using a porous barrier? |
Filtration |
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What is a chemical property? Examples? |
Describe how a substance interacts with other substances Ex) combustibility, flammability, ductility |
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What is a physical property |
Can be observed without chemically changing matter Ex.) weight, texture, density, volume, odor, and malleability |
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What is a mixture? |
Something made of two or more substances PHYSICALLY COMBINED |
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What is a heterogenous mixture? |
Uniformly mixed (solution) |
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How do you know that the experiment will yield as useful data? |
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What is a homogenous mixture? What are two types |
Is NOT uniformly mixed 1) suspension - particles don't settle 2) colloid - particles that don't move because it's a solid |
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What is a physical change? |
Any change that does not in love changing a substances identity. |
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What is a chemical change? |
Any change that results in a formation of new substances |
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What are some signs of chemical change? |
Color, odors, precipitation, temps tire change or gas formation |
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What are the 4 changing states of phases?what do mold |
1) boiling - liquid to gas 2) melting - soils to liquid 3) freezing - liquid to solid 4) precipitation - had to liquid |
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What is the boiling point for a substance? |
100 degrees Celsius |
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What are three subatomic particles |
Protons, neutrons, and electrons |
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What does the atomic number represent? |
# of protons that classify the element |
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What does th atomic mass represent? |
Average mass of all isotopes |
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How is 1 unit of atomic mass defined? |
Kilogram |
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What is the purpose of bromothynol blue? What did it detect? |
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Candle lab |
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What is Daltons theory |
1. Atoms are building blocks of matter 2. Atoms are indivisible (incorrect) 3. Atoms of the same element are identical 4. Atoms of different elements are different 5. Atoms unite in small whole number ratios to form compounds |
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What is Rutherford's gold foil experiment? What did he conclude? |
1) it aimed alpha particles at gold foil 2) most past through 3) a few particles were deflected 4) some particles bounced back Conclusion : 1) most of the atom is empty space 2) dense, positively charged core |
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What two subatomic particles make up the nucleus |
Protons and neutrons |
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Which subatomic particle may vary in number from atom to atom of the same element? |
Neutrons |
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What is the proper technique for mixing acid and water? |
• Acid in water |
Wa or Aw |
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What is the difference between the accept value and the experimental value? |
Error |
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What is the ratio of an error to an accepted value? |
Percent error |
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What are two measurements very close to each other? |
Precise |
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What do you ignore when calculating the percent error? |
The plus and minus |
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What is an isotope? |
Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons |
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What process do unstable nuclei undergo? |
Radioactive decay |
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What are three types of nuclear decay? |
Alpha decay Beta decay Gamma radiation |
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What is alpha decay |
83> Subtract four Add two |
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What is beta decay |
Fast moving electrons Add 0 Add 1 |
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What is gamma radiation? |
High energy waves with no mass or charge |
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What is a half life? What is the equation? |
Time required for half of the nuclei to become stable
•stable amt= initial amt (1/2) t/T |
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What is a half life? What is the equation? |
Time required for half of the nuclei to become stable
•stable amt= initial amt (1/2) t/T |
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What is a positron? |
a subatomic particle with the same mass as an electron and a numerically equal but positive charge |
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What is Bohr's atomic model? |
•since electrons fill the lowest energy level first, no electrons can drop down to lower energy levels • all atoms can absorb energy from outside force • electrons absorb energy and move to higher energy levels- excited state • not stable so the lose electrons and return to ground state |
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What is the electromagnetic spectrum? |
C |
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