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64 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Democritus of Abdera |
Said all things are made of tiny indivisible units called atoms |
No experimental support-philosopher |
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Dalton |
Solid ball, atomic theory |
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True or False? Atomic Theory From Dalton Compounds have 2 or more different kinds of atoms |
True |
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True or False? Atomic Theory From Dalton A chemical reaction is the rearrangement of atoms |
True |
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True or false? Atomic theory from Dalton All matter is made of atoms that are indivisible & indestructible |
False |
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Thompson |
Plum pudding model, cathode tube, discovered the electron |
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Millikan |
Oil-drop experiment, 1st accurate measure of electrons charge and mass |
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Ernest Rutherford |
Dense center, electron shell, shot alpha particles at a piece of gold some bounced back. Idea of the nucleus-core of the atoms with protons and neutrons inside, all the weight very dense, positive, electron orbits are very small |
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Most of the atom is? |
Empty space |
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Bohr |
Energy levels, said electrons travel in set circular paths around nucleus Each path needs a different amount of energy. The farthest from the nucleus the electron is the more energy |
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Schrodinger |
Today's idea: Quantum Mechanical Model "electron Cloud Theory" Electrons are only found in certain areas called clouds. each cloud is determined by the probability of an electron been there 90% of the time since an electron is so small it's exact position is difficult to know |
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Atom |
Smallest basic unit of matter |
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Element |
Made up of compounds |
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Compound |
Made up of elements two or more elements combined |
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Solid |
Definite shape and definite volume not easily compressed Atoms packed together, most dense |
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Liquid |
No definite shape, free-flowing but close items, can diffuse. Does it compress but flows |
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Gas |
No definite shape, always fills space, Atoms are the most separated. The least or no attractive force |
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Mixtures |
Can be separated, not permanent, 2 things that are together but not permanently |
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Heterogeneous (vinegar, and sand together) |
A mixture of two or more compounds. The mixture is not uniform. |
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Heterogeneous (vinegar, and sand together) |
A mixture of two or more compounds. The mixture is not uniform. |
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Suspension |
All components are in the same phase |
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Homogenous (koi laid + water and air) |
Settles together. Completely uniform. |
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Heterogenous separation by (3 things) |
Filter, magnet, centrifugation |
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Homogenous separation by (1 thing) |
Distillation |
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Chemical property (paper can burn, gas burning. |
The way a substance will react with others to form a new compound with different properties -smell -burning -smoke -changing original/ making something and adding something
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Physical property (Ice is a solid, paper is a solid. Paper has a density.) |
A characteristic that can be observed and measured without changing its composition. Hardness, strength, conductivity |
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Water boiling= |
Physical change |
Water is still water even after burning. |
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Scientific methods (6 steps) |
1. problem 2. Hypothesis 3. Experiment 4.Analyze 5. Accept or reject the hypothesis 6. Communicate |
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Theories (Big Bang theory, theory of evolution) |
Long explanations that are proven |
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Laws (Laws of Gravity) |
Short equation (if wrong) |
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**ADDING and SUBTRACTING sig fig rules*** |
*Keep same place value *keep scientific notation |
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Rules for MULTIPLYING AND DIVIDING SIG FIGS |
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Quantitative |
(Measurement) measure liquid with cylinder |
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My King Henry Died By Drinking Chocolate Milk Mirco |
Mega, kilo, hecto, deca, base (m,L, g), deci, centi, mili, micro |
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Length= |
Meters (m) |
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Volume |
Liters=(L) |
Defined by linear measurement 1L |
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Mass |
Grams=(g) |
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Chemical change* |
Will get a permanent change their results in a totally new substance |
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Density formula |
D=m/v |
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Density can be manipulated by |
Volume and heat |
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Hot= |
Less dense |
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Cold= When water freezes to ice it gets more dense |
More dense |
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Elements are different because of the number of _____ in the nucleus |
Protons |
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Number of electrons |
= number of protons and atomic number |
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Number of protons |
Atomic number |
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Atomic mass |
Total number of Protons + Neutrons |
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Number of neurons |
Atomic mass-atomic number |
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Ions |
Element has gained or lost electrons |
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Physical change* |
Will change the look or size, but not the chemical make up |
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Cation |
A postively charged atom (lost electrons) (+1= -1) |
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Anion |
A negatively charged atom (gained electrons) (-1=+1) |
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Isotopes |
Atoms of the same element with different numbers of NEUTRONS. |
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Number of protons |
Atomic number |
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Atomic mass (Average of all isotopes)caliche fe |
% abundance x isotope + % abundance x isotope -----------------——————— Atomic mass |
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Number of neurons |
Atomic mass-atomic number |
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How to calculate frequency and wavelength |
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Light wave idea |
Christian Hugh's |
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**Significant figure rules:** |
*Anything before zero= not significant *Anything that is a not 0=significant *If there is a 0 after a "." And a significant number that 0 is significant *If a zero is sandwiched between two significant numbers=significant |
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**ADDING and SUBTRACTING sig fig rules*** |
*Keep same place value *keep scientific notation |
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Rules for MULTIPLYING AND DIVIDING SIG FIGS |
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Atomic mass (Average of all isotopes)caliche fe |
% abundance x isotope + % abundance x isotope -----------------——————— Atomic mass |
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How to calculate photon energy |
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How to calculate frequency and wavelength |
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(Lavoisier's) Law of Conservation: |
Matter cannot be created or destroyed |
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