Chem 51 Test #1

Front 1

IS THE SCIENCE DEALING WITH MATTER AND THE CHANGES IN COMPOSITION THAT MATTER

Back 1

CHEMISTRY

Front 2

TENETATIVE EXPLANATION OF CERTAIN FACTS THAT PROVIDE THE BASIS FOR FURTHER EXPIREMENTATION

Back 2

HYPOTHESIS

Front 3

EXPLANATION WITH GENERAL PRINCIPALS OF CERTAIN PHENOMENA WITH CONSIDERABLE FACTS TO SUPPORT

Back 3

THEORY OR MODEL

Front 4

SIMPLE STATEMENTS OF NATURAL PHENOMENA

Back 4

TO WHICH EXCEPTIONS ARE KNOWN UNDER THE GIVEN CONDITIONS

Front 5

IS EVERTHING THE THAT HAS MASS AND OCCUPIES SPACE

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MATTER

Front 6

HAS DEFINATE SHAPE AND VOLUME WITH PARTICLES THAT CLING RIGIDLY TO ONE ANOTHER

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SOLID

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WITHOUT SHAPE OR FORM

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AMORPHOUS

Front 8

HAS DIFFINATE VOLUME BUT NOT SHAPE

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LIQUID

Front 9

HAS INDEFINITE VOLUME AND NOT FIXED SHAPE WITH PARTICLE THAT MOVE INDEPENDENT OF ONE ANOTHER

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GAS

Front 10

PARICULAR KIND OF MATTER WITH FIXED COMPOSITION (PURE SUBSTANCES)

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SUBSTANCES

Front 11

MATTER UNIFORM IN APPEARANCE AND HAS SAME PROPERTIES THROUGHOUT (ROOT BEER FLOAT)

Back 11

HOMOGENEOUS

Front 12

MATTER CONSISTING OF TWO OR MORE PHYSICALY DISTINCT PHASES (COPPER AND WATER)

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HETEROGENEOUS

Front 13

HOMOGENEOUS PART OF A SYSTEM SUPPORTED FROM OTHER PARTS PHISICAL BOUNDERIES

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PHASES

Front 14

THE BODY UNDER CONSIDERATION

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SYSTEM

Front 15

MATERIAL CONTAINING TWO OR MORE SUBSTANCES EITHER HETOROGENEOUS OR HOMOGENEOUS

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MIXTURE

Front 16

Scientific Method

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The scientific method is a procedure for processing information in which we collect the facts, formulate a hypothesis, plan and do experiments and modify the hypothesis if necessary.

Front 17

Explain difference between a hypothesis and a theory

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Hypothesis is a tentative explanation of certain facts that provides a basis for further experimentation. A theory is an explanation of the general principles of certain phenomena with considerable evidence or facts to support it.

Front 18

Explain the difference between a theory and a scientific law

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Theories explain natural phenomena, whereas scientific laws are simple statements of natural phenomena to which no exceptions are known under the given conditions.

Front 19

Define a phase

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HOMOGENEOUS PART OF A SYSTEM SUPPORTED FROM OTHER PARTS PHYSICAL BOUNDARIES

Front 20

How many phases are present in the graduated cylinder? (picture)

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Six

Front 21

Consider if this is a observation, hypothesis, theory or scientic law: The battery in my watch must be dead since it is no longer keeping time.

Back 21

?

Front 22

Consider if this is a observation, hypothesis, theory or scientic law: My computer must have a virus since it is not working properly.

Back 22

?

Front 23

Consider if this is a observation, hypothesis, theory or scientic law: The air feels cool.

Back 23

?

Front 24

Consider if this is a observation, hypothesis, theory or scientic law: The candle burns more brightly in pure oxygen than in air because oxygen supports combustion.

Back 24

?

Front 25

Consider if this is a observation, hypothesis, theory or scientic law: My sister wears red quite often.

Back 25

?

Front 26

Consider if this is a observation, hypothesis, theory or scientic law: A pure substance has a definite, fixed composition.

Back 26

?

Front 27

Which liquids listed in Table 1.1 are not mixtures?

Back 27

Mercury and Water

Front 28

Which of the gases listed in Table 1.1 are not pure substances?

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Air

Front 29

Distinguish between homogeneous and heterogeneous mixtures.

Back 29

Homogeneous mixtures have the same properties throughout.
Heterogeneous mixtures have different properties in different parts of the system.

Front 30

Which of the following are pure substances? a) sugar b) sand c) gold d) maple syrup e) eggs

Back 30

a) sugar, a compound
c) gold an element

Front 31

Ice floats in vegetable oil and sinks in ethyl alcohol. The density of ice must lie between what numerical values? (Table 2.5)

Back 31

0.789 g/mL <ice <0.91 g/mL

Front 32

State the rules used in this text for rounding off numbers

Back 32

Rules for rounding off.
If the first number after the one you want to retain is 4 or less, that digit and all those after it are dropped.
If the first number after the one you want to retain is 5 or greater, that digit and all those after it are dropped and the last digit retained is increased by one.

Front 33

Compare the number of degrees between the freezing point of water and its boiling point on the Fahrenheit, Kelvin, and Celsius temperature scales (Figure 2.5)

Back 33

?

Front 34

Silver

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Ag

Front 35

Oxygen

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O

Front 36

Hydrogen

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H

Front 37

Carbon

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C

Front 38

Iron

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Fe

Front 39

Nitrogen

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N

Front 40

Magnesium

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Mg

Front 41

Potassium

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K

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Na

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Sodium

Front 43

F

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Flourine

Front 44

Ni

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Nickel

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Zn

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Zinc

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Ne

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Neon

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He

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Helium

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Ca

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Calcium

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Cl

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Chlorine

Front 50

How many metals are there? nonmetals? metalloids? (Table 3.3)

Back 50

86 metals
18 nonmetals
7 metalloids

Front 51

Distinguish between a compound and a mixture

Back 51

A compound is a substance that contains two or more elements chemically combined in a definite proportion by mass.
A mixture is material containing two or more substances either heterogeneous or homogeneous

Front 52

What are the two general types of compounds? How do they differ from each other?

Back 52

1. Molecular- formed of individual molecules composed of atoms.
2. Ionic - formed from ions that are either positive or negative

Front 53

What is the major difference between a cation and an anion?

Back 53

Cation- positively charged ion
Anon- negatively charged ion

Front 54

What is the fundamental difference between a chemical change and a physical change?

Back 54

A new substance is always formed during a chemical change, but never during a physical change.

Front 55

Distinguish between potential and kinetic energy.

Back 55

Potential energy is energy that results from position or is stored within a substance.
Kinetic energy is the energy matter possesses as a result of its motion.

Front 56

When water boils, bubbles form. What is inside those bubbles?

Back 56

Water vapor

Front 57

Is dissolving salt in water a physical or chemical change and why? How could you verify your answer?

Back 57

?