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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Dipole-dipole |
Molecules with permanent dipoles have these Slight positive of one end aligns with partially negative of another Stronger bc of permanet dipole |
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Hydrogen bonding |
Dipole-dipole reaction between h and no or f Highly electronegative Partially pos hydrogen aligns with partially negative end of another molecule |
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Ion dipole |
Between ions and pcv (dipoles) Stronger than HB bc ion has a complete charge |
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Ion induced dipole |
Between ions and npc molecules (neutral charge) Ion forms a temporary dipole Not as strong as ion dipole |
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Dipole induces diplole |
Between pc and npc Partial charges from pc force—-temporary dipole More attraction to negative ends |
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Strongest imf means stronger everything except |
Vapor pressure and evaporation |
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Why would xenon have higher boil point than neon |
More electrons therefore more temporary dipoles |
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Cao and cas both ionic wny does cao have higher melting point |
O has larger atomic mass so it’s harder to melt than S (right and up) |
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Ionic def |
Solids formed by electrostatic attractions between cations and anions |
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Ionic properties |
Lattice structure solid high melt point hard brittle conductive when melted and dissolved in water |
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Metalic |
Metals- empty p orbitals overlap so electrons are free to move (electron sea model) |
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Metallic properties |
Electron sea model Structure allows attraction between atoms to be strong but no directional (easy to slide) High mp conductive malleable and ductile and luster |
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Network solid |
Huge molecule that has network of covalent bonds |
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Network solid properties |
Solid high mp hard generally nonconfuctive |
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What type of alloy is brass |
Substitutional bc host metal atoms replaced by other metal atoms of similar size |
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What type of alloy is steel |
Interstitial bc formed when holes in metal are occupied by small atoms |
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Hydrophilic |
Water loving (polar/ionic) |
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Hydrophobic |
Water fearing only dissolve in oil based substances (npc) |
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What are the 4 factors |
Structure (like dissolves like) pressure temp and surface area |
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Vapor pressure is... |
Pressure of a vapor in a closed container in contact with its liquid or solid form (molecules go back and forth between phases over time) |
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Adding solute to solvent will —— vapor pressure and ——-boiling point and ——- freezing point. |
Decrease increase decrease |
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Colloids |
Whipped cream milk butter marshmallow clay aerosol spray |
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How is Rf value calculated in chromatography and is it higher or lower if solute and solvent have same imfs |
Distance component moved/ distance solvent moved higher it moves farther |
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Instantaneous dipole caused from |
Uneven distribution of electrons |
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Electron count trend is right and down |
Yup |
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When a phase change occurs: |
Molecules remain intact due to forces among molecule rather than within |
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Vapor pressure equilibrium reached when |
Evaporation and condensation rates the same |
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Enthalpy of solution step 1 and 2 ——energy while step 3 —— energy |
Require Releasse |
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Tyndall effect is |
Light scattering by particles in a colloid |
