Chapter 8: Respiratory System

Front 1

RESPIRATION

Back 1

the combined activity of various processes that supply oxygen to all body cells and remove carbon dioxide

Front 2

BREATHING

Back 2

external respiration, the absorption of oxygen from the air and the removal of carbon dioxide by the lungs; often called pulmonary ventilation or just ventilation

Front 3

DIAPHRAGM

Back 3

muscular wall that separates the abdomen from the thoracic cavity; contracts and relaxes with each inspiration and expiration

Front 4

PHRENIC

Back 4

pertaining to the diaphragm;

sometimes means pertaining to the mind (schizophrenic)

Front 5

PARANASAL SINUSES

Back 5

air-filled paired cavities in various bones around the nose;

sinuses lighten the weight of the skull, and those located at various bones around the nose contribute to sound production by serving as resonant spaces;

Front 6

alveol/o

Back 6

alveolus (alveoli, plural)

Front 7

bronch/o

bronchi/o

Back 7

bronchus (bronchi, plural)

Front 8

bronchiol/o

Back 8

bronchiole

Front 9

epiglott/o

Back 9

epiglottis

Front 10

laryng/o

Back 10

larynx

voice box

Front 11

lob/o

Back 11

lobe

Front 12

nas/o

rhin/o

Back 12

nose

Front 13

phren/o

Back 13

diaphragm;

mind

Front 14

pleur/o

Back 14

pleura

Front 15

pharyng/o

Back 15

pharynx

throat

Front 16

pneum/o

pneumon/o

pulm/o

pulmon/o

Back 16

lung

Front 17

trache/o

Back 17

trachea

windpipe

Front 18

OXYMETRY

Back 18

noninvasive photodiagnostic method of monitoring blood oxygen saturation in the arteries;

OXYMETER (equipment), can be used on the earlobe or finger

Front 19

Oxygen saturation

Back 19

the percent of hemoglobin molecules that are saturated with oxygen in standardized testing.

Front 20

Spirometry

Back 20

measurement of the amount of air taken into and expelled from the lungs

Front 21

Vital Capacity

Back 21

the largest volume of air that can be exhaled after a maximum inspiration;

a reduction in VC often indicates a loss of functioning lung tissue

Front 22

atel/o

Back 22

imperfect

Front 23

coni/o

Back 23

a relationship to dust

Front 24

embol/o

Back 24

embolus

Front 25

home/o

Back 25

sameness

Front 26

-ole

Back 26

little

Front 27

ox/o

Back 27

oxygen

Front 28

-pnea

Back 28

breathing

Front 29

silic/o

Back 29

silica

Front 30

spir/o

Back 30

to breathe

sometimes, spiral

Front 31

ARDS

Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome

Back 31

disorder characterized by respiratory insufficiency and hypoxemia

Front 32

paroxysmal

Back 32

occurring in sudden, periodic attacks or recurrence of symptoms (asthma is paroxysmal)

Front 33

atelectasis

Back 33

atel/o = imperfect; -ectasis = stretch

incomplete expansion of a lung or a portion of it;

airlessness or collapse of a lung that had once been expanded

Front 34

bronchiectasis

Back 34

chronic dilation of a bronchus or bronchi accompanied by a secondary infection that usually involves the lower part of the lung

Front 35

bronchography

Back 35

radiography of the bronchi after injection of a radiopaque substance

bronchogram, record

Front 36

COPD

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Back 36

can result from chronic bronchitis, emphysema, chronic asthma, or chronic bronchiolitis; characterized by chronic airflow limitation (CAL); decreases the lungs' ability to perform their ventilatory function

Front 37

Emphysema

Back 37

chronic pulmonary disease characterized by an increase in the size of alveoli and by destructive changes in their walls, resulting in difficulty breathing.

Front 38

Pneumoconiosis

Back 38

respiratory condition caused by inhalation of dust particles

Front 39

pulmonary embolism

Back 39

blockage of a pulmonary artery by foreign matter (fat, air, tumor tissue, blood clot)

Front 40

SARS

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome

Back 40

infectious respiratory disease spread by close contact with an infected person and cause by a coronavirus

Front 41

SIDS

Sudden Infant Death Syndrome

Back 41

sudden, unexpected death of an apparent healthy and normal infant that occurs during sleep and with no physical or autopsy evidence of disease

Front 42

Heimlich Maneuver

Back 42

method of dislodging food or other obstructions from the trachea;

the rescuer grasps the choking person from behind, placing the thumb side of the fist against the victim's abdomen, in the midline, slightly above the navel and well below the breastbone. Abruptly pulling the fist firmly upward will often force the obstruction up the windpipe

Front 43

pneumocentesis

Back 43

surgical puncture of a lung to drain fluid that has accumulated

Front 44

pneumonectomy

Back 44

pneumectomy;

surgical removal of all or part of a lung;

lobectomy = lobe removal

Front 45

thoracocentesis

Back 45

thoracentesis

paracentesis

surgical puncture of the chest cavity to remove fluid

Front 46

bradypnea

Back 46

abnormally slow breathing

Front 47

tachypnea

Back 47

acceleration in the number of breaths per minute

Front 48

dyspnea

Back 48

labored or difficult breathing

Front 49

eupnea

Back 49

normal breathing

Front 50

hyperpnea

Back 50

deep breathing, faster than 20 breaths per minute

Front 51

bronchopneumonia

Back 51

inflammation of bronchi and lungs

Front 52

polyp

Back 52

growth protruding from a mucous membrane

Front 53

aphonia

Back 53

loss of voice

Front 54

aphasia

Back 54

loss of the power of expression of speech

Front 55

rhinitis

Back 55

inflammation of the mucous membranes of the nose

Front 56

sputum

Back 56

material coughed up from the trachea, bronchi and lungs

Front 57

asthma

Back 57

paroxysmal dyspnea accompanied by wheezing;

asthma is brought about by a spasm of the bronchial tubes or by swelling of their mucous membranes;

a wheeze is a whistling sound made during respiration

Front 58

mucolytic

Back 58

agent that dissolves mucus

Front 59

antitussive

Back 59

agent used to control coughing

Front 60

hemothorax

Back 60

accumulation of blood in the pleural cavity

Front 61

pleural effusion

Back 61

abnormal accumulation of fluid in the pleural space

Front 62

pneumothorax

Back 62

presence of air or gas in the pleural space