Chapter 13: Respiratory System

Front 1

parietal pleura

Back 1

the serous membrane that line the thoracic cavity

Front 2

visceral pleura

Back 2

membrane that covers the lungs

Front 3

alveolus (pl. alveoli)

Back 3

a small saclike dilation (outpocketing) of the alveolar ducts

Front 4

abcess (lung)

Back 4

a localized collection of pus in a cavity formed by the disintegration of tissues

Front 5

anthracosis

Back 5

accumulation of carbon deposits in the lung

Front 6

adult (acute) respiratory distress syndrome

Back 6

ARDS

Front 7

asbestosis

Back 7

lung disease caused by inhaling asbestos particles; associated with development of mesothelioma

Front 8

asphyxiation

Back 8

suffocation

Front 9

asthma

Back 9

spasm and narrowing of bronchi, leading to bronchial airway obstruction

Front 10

atelectasis

Back 10

incomplete expansion of the lungs at birth, or collapse of the adult lung

Front 11

bradypnea (brad-ip-nee-ah)

Back 11

abnormally slow breathing

Front 12

bronchiectasis

Back 12

chronic dilation of one or more bronchi

Front 13

byssinosis (bis-ih-noh-sis)

Back 13

lung disease resulting from inhaling cotton, flax, or hemp; aka brown lung disease

Front 14

carcinoma

Back 14

a malignant new growth made up of epithelial cells tending to infiltrate surrounding tissues and to give rise to metastases

Front 15

coccidioidomycosis (kok-sid-e-oi-do-mi-ko-sis)

Back 15

respiratory infection caused by spore inhalation; symptoms vary from that of the common cold to those of influenza; AKA valley fever

Front 16

chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Back 16

COPD

Front 17

cor pulmonale

Back 17

heart failure from pulmonary disease

Front 18

coryza

Back 18

profuse discharge from the mucous membrane of the nose; the common cold

Front 19

croup

Back 19

childhood disease with symptoms including barking cough, difficulty (suffocative) breathing, stridor, and spasm of larynx

Front 20

cystic fibrosis

Back 20

generalized hereditary disorder of infants, children, and young adults associated with malfunctioning of the pancreas and frequent respiratory infections

Front 21

diphtheria

Back 21

acute bacterial infection primarily affecting the membranes of the nose, throat, or larynx accompanied by fever and pain

Front 22

effusion

Back 22

escape of fluid; exudation or transudation

Front 23

emphysema

Back 23

a pathologic accumulation of air in tissues or organs

Front 24

epistaxis

Back 24

hemorrhage from the nose; nosebleed

Front 25

expectoration

Back 25

the act of spitting out saliva or coughing up material from the lungs

Front 26

fibrosis

Back 26

formation of fibrous or scar tissue (in lungs) usually caused by previous infections

Front 27

flail chest

Back 27

chest wall moves paradoxically with respiration as a result of multiple fractures of the ribs

Front 28

hay fever

Back 28

a hypersensitive state, e.g., allergy to pollen

Front 29

histoplasmosis

Back 29

fungal infection of the lungs, may be symptomatic or asymptomatic, resembling tuberculosis

Front 30

hyaline

Back 30

glossy, translucent

Front 31

hyaline membrane disease

Back 31

lack of surfactant caused by a layer of hyaline material lining the alveoli, alveolar ducts, and bronchioles; leading cause of neonatal deaths

Front 32

orthopnea

Back 32

a clinical condition where the person can only breathe normally and without discomfort in an erect sitting or standing position

Front 33

pertussis

Back 33

acute upper respiratory infectious disease; also commonly called whooping cough

Front 34

pleural effusion

Back 34

accumulation of fluid in the pleural space, which compresses the underlying portion of the lung, resulting is dyspnea

Front 35

pleurisy

Back 35

inflammation of the pleura

Front 36

pneumoconiosis

Back 36

any lung disease caused by permanent deposition of substantial amounts of particulate matter in the lungs

Front 37

pneumothorax

Back 37

a collection of gas or air in the pleural cavity, resulting from a perforation through the chest wall or the visceral pleura

Front 38

rhinitis rhinorrhea

Back 38

inflammation of the nasal membrane; "runny nose"

Front 39

sudden infant death syndrome or "crib death;" associated with failure of synapse of nerves to activate the diaphragm

Back 39

SIDS

Front 40

silicosis

Back 40

a lung disorder caused by inhalation of silica (quartz) dust, resulting in the formation of small nodules

Front 41

tuberculosis

Back 41

an infectious disease, marked by tubercles and caseous necrosis in tissues of the lung

Front 42

upper respiratory infection

Back 42

URI

Front 43

anoxia

Back 43

without oxygen

Front 44

apnea

Back 44

temporary cessation of breathing; asphyxia

Front 45

Cheyne-Stokes

Back 45

breathing characterized by waxing and waning of the depth of respiration

Front 46

consolidation

Back 46

solidification of lung tissue, as in pneumonia

Front 47

dysphonia

Back 47

voice impairment; difficulty in speaking

Front 48

dyspnea

Back 48

labored or difficult breathing

Front 49

expectorant

Back 49

an agent that promotes expectoration (loosening of secretions)

Front 50

hemoptysis

Back 50

the spitting of blood or of blood-stained sputum

Front 51

hypercapnia

Back 51

an excess of carbon dioxide in the blood

Front 52

hypoxia

Back 52

insufficient oxygen

Front 53

Kussmaul breathing

Back 53

gasping, labored breathing; aka air hunger

Front 54

palpation

Back 54

application of hands and fingers to external surfaces to detect abnormalities

Front 55

perfusion

Back 55

the passage of a fluid through the vessels of a specific organ to supply nutrients and oxygen

Front 56

postural drainage

Back 56

drainage by placing the patient's head downward so that the trachea will be inclined below the affected area and the secretions mobilized

Front 57

pulmonary function

Back 57

test to assess ventilatory status

Front 58

pulmonary parenchyma

Back 58

a structural arrangement of the lungs allowing the alveoli with very thin walls to exchange gases between the lungs and blood

Front 59

rales, rhonchi

Back 59

an abnormal respiratory sound heard on auscultation, indicating some pathologic condition

Front 60

rarefaction

Back 60

condition of being less dense, e.g., less density in x-ray films

Front 61

tachypnea

Back 61

rapid respirations

Front 62

thoracentesis

Back 62

surgical puncture of the chest wall into the parietal cavity to remove fluid

Front 63

tracheostomy

Back 63

creation of an opening into the trachea through the neck

Front 64

tracheotomy

Back 64

incision of the trachea through the neck

Front 65

vital capacity

Back 65

amount of air that can be expelled from lungs after deep inspiration

Front 66

wheeze

Back 66

breathing with a raspy or whistling sound; common symptom of asthma