Chapter 12: Respiratory System Vocabulary

Front 1

adenoids

Back 1

Lymphatic tissue in the nasopharynx, pharyngeal tonsils

Front 2

alveolus
(Plural: alveoli)

Back 2

Air sac in the lungs

Front 3

apex of the lung

Back 3

Tip or uppermost portion of the lung. An apex is the tip of a structure. Apical means pertaining to the apex

Front 4

base of the lung

Back 4

Lower portion of the lung. Basilar means pertaining to the base

Front 5

bronchioles

Back 5

Smallest branches of the bronchi. Terminal bronchioles lead to alveolar bronchial tube

Front 6

bronchus
(Plural: Bronchi)

Back 6

Branch of the trachea (windpipe) that is a passageway into the lung; bronchial tube

Front 7

carbon dioxide

Back 7

Gas produced by body cells when oxygen and food combine; exhaled through the lungs

Front 8

cilia

Back 8

Thin hairs attached to the mucous membrane epithelium lining the respiratory tract. They clear bacteria and foreign substances from the lung.

Front 9

diaphragm

Back 9

Muscle separating the chest and abdomen. It contracts and relaxes making breathing easier

Front 10

epiglottis

Back 10

Lid-like piece of cartilage that covers the larynx, preventing food from entering the larynx and trachea during swallowing

Front 11

expiration

Back 11

Breathing out (exhalation)

Front 12

glottis

Back 12

Slit-like opening to the larynx

Front 13

hilium (of lung)

Back 13

Midline region where the bronchi, blood vessels, and nerves enter and exit the lungs. Hilar means pertaining to the hilium

Front 14

inspiration

Back 14

Breathing in (inhalation)

Front 15

larynx

Back 15

Voice box; containing the vocal cords

Front 16

lobe

Back 16

Division of a lung

Front 17

mediastinum

Back 17

Region between the lungs in the chest cavity. It contains the trachea, heart, aorta, esophagus, and bronchial tubes

Front 18

nares

Back 18

Openings through the nose carrying air into the nasal cavities

Front 19

oxygen

Back 19

Gas that passes into the bloodstream at the lungs and travels to all body cells

Front 20

palatine tonsil

Back 20

One of a pair of alomond-shaped masses of lymphatic tissue in the oopharynx (palatine means pertaining to the roof of the mouth)

Front 21

paranasal sinus

Back 21

One of a air cavities in the bones near the nose

Front 22

parietal pleura

Back 22

Outer fold of pleura lying closer to the ribs and chest wall

Front 23

pharynx

Back 23

Throat; including the nasopharynx, oro[harynx, and laryngopharynx

Front 24

pleura

Back 24

Double-folded membrane surrounding each lung

Front 25

pleural cavity

Back 25

Space between the folds of the pleura

Front 26

pulmonary parenchyma

Back 26

Essential parts of the lung, responsible for respiration; bromchioles and alveoli

Front 27

respiration

Back 27

Process of moving air into and out of the lungs; breathing

Front 28

trachea

Back 28

Windpipe

Front 29

visceral pleural

Back 29

Inner fold of pleura lying closer to the lung tissue