Chapter 14: Lymphatic And Immune System Vocabulary

Front 1

acquired immunity

Back 1

Formation of antibodies and lymphocytes after exposure to an antigen

Front 2

adenoids

Back 2

Masses of lymphatic tissue in the nasopharynx

Front 3

antibody

Back 3

Protein produced by B cell lymphocytes to destroy antigen

Front 4

antigen

Back 4

Substance that the body recognizes as foreign; evokes an immune response

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axillary node

Back 5

Any of the 20 to 30 lymph nodes in the armpit (underarm)

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B cell

Back 6

Lymphocyte that originates in the bone marrow and transforms into a plasma cell to secrete antibodies, The B refers to the bursa of Fabricius, an organ in birds in which B cell differentiation and growth were first noted to occur

Front 7

cell-mediated immunity

Back 7

An immune response involving T lymphocytes; antigens are destroyed by direct action of cells, as opposed to by antigens

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cervical node

Back 8

One of many lymph nodes in the neck region

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cytokine

Back 9

Protein (made by T lymphocytes) that aids antigen destruction. Examples are interferons, interleukins, and colony-stimulating factors such as: granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)

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cytotoxic T Cell

Back 10

T lymphocyte that directly kills foreign cells

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dendritic cell

Back 11

Cell (specialized macrophage) that ingests antigens and presents them to T cells

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helper T cell

Back 12

Lymphocyte that aids B cells in recognizing antigens and stimulating antibody production; also called T4 cell or CD4 cell

Front 13

humoral immunity

Back 13

Immune response in which B cells transform into plasma cells and secrete antibodies

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immune response

Back 14

Body's capacity to resist foreign organisms and toxins that can damage tissue and organs; humoral and cell-mediated immunity

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immunoglobulins

Back 15

Antibodies (gamma globulins) such as IgA, IgE, IgG, IgM, and IgD that are secreted by plasma cells in humoral immunity

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immunotherapy

Back 16

Use of immunologic knowledge and techniques to treat or prevent disease. Examples are inoculation with vaccines and monoclonal antibody therapy

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inguinal node

Back 17

One of several lymph nodes in the groin region (where the legs join the trunk of the body)

Front 18

interferons

Back 18

Antiviral proteins (cytokines) secreted by the T cells; they also stimulate macrophages to ingest bacteria

Front 19

interleukins

Back 19

Proteins (cytokines) that stimulate the growth of B or T lymphocytes and activate specific components of the immune response

Front 20

interstitial fluid

Back 20

Fluid in the spaces between cells. This fluid becomes lymph when it enters lymph capillaries

Front 21

killer T cell

Back 21

Cytotoxic T cell lymphocyte that recognizes and destroys foreign cells (viruses and tumor cells)

Front 22

lymph

Back 22

Thin, watery fluid found within lymphatic vessels and collected from tissues throughout the body.

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lymph capillaries

Back 23

Tiniest lymphatic vessels

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lymphoid organs

Back 24

Lymph nodes, spleen, and thymus gland

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lymph node

Back 25

Stationary solid lymphatic tissue along lymph vesselsl

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lymph vessel

Back 26

Carrier of lymph throughout the body; lymphatic vessels empty lymph into veins in the upper part of the chest

Front 27

macrophage

Back 27

Large phagocyte found in lymph nodes and other tissues of the body

Front 28

mediastinal node

Back 28

Any of many lymph nodes in the area between the lungs in the thoracic (chest) cavity

Front 29

monoclonal antibody

Back 29

Antibody produced in a laboratory to attack antigens. It is useful in immunnotherapy and cancer treatment

Front 30

natural immunity

Back 30

An individual's own genetic ability to fight off disease

Front 31

lymph vessel

Back 31

Carrier of lymph throughout the body; lymphatic vessels empty lymph into veins in the upper part of the chest

Front 32

plasma cell

Back 32

Lymphoid cell that secretes an antibody originates from B lymphocytes

Front 33

macrophage

Back 33

Large phagocyte found in lymph nodes and other tissues of the body

Front 34

right lymphatic duct

Back 34

Large lymphatic vessel in the chest that receives lymph from the upper right part of the body

Front 35

mediastinal node

Back 35

Any of many lymph nodes in the area between the lungs in the thoracic (chest) cavity

Front 36

spleen

Back 36

Organ near the stomach that produces, stores, and eliminates blood cells

Front 37

monoclonal antibody

Back 37

Antibody produced in a laboratory to attack antigens. It is useful in immunnotherapy and cancer treatment

Front 38

suppressor T cell

Back 38

Lymphocyte that inhibits the activity of B and T lymphocytes

Front 39

natural immunity

Back 39

An individual's own genetic ability to fight off disease

Front 40

T cell

Back 40

Lymphocyte that originates in the bone marrow but matures in the thymus gland; it acts directly on antigens to destroy them or produce chemicals (cytokines) such as interferons and interleukins that are toxic to antigens

Front 41

lymph vessel

Back 41

Carrier of lymph throughout the body; lymphatic vessels empty lymph into veins in the upper part of the chest

Front 42

plasma cell

Back 42

Lymphoid cell that secretes an antibody originates from B lymphocytes

Front 43

macrophage

Back 43

Large phagocyte found in lymph nodes and other tissues of the body

Front 44

right lymphatic duct

Back 44

Large lymphatic vessel in the chest that receives lymph from the upper right part of the body

Front 45

mediastinal node

Back 45

Any of many lymph nodes in the area between the lungs in the thoracic (chest) cavity

Front 46

spleen

Back 46

Organ near the stomach that produces, stores, and eliminates blood cells

Front 47

monoclonal antibody

Back 47

Antibody produced in a laboratory to attack antigens. It is useful in immunnotherapy and cancer treatment

Front 48

suppressor T cell

Back 48

Lymphocyte that inhibits the activity of B and T lymphocytes

Front 49

natural immunity

Back 49

An individual's own genetic ability to fight off disease

Front 50

T cell

Back 50

Lymphocyte that originates in the bone marrow but matures in the thymus gland; it acts directly on antigens to destroy them or produce chemicals (cytokines) such as interferons and interleukins that are toxic to antigens

Front 51

plasma cell

Back 51

Lymphoid cell that secretes an antibody originates from B lymphocytes

Front 52

right lymphatic duct

Back 52

Large lymphatic vessel in the chest that receives lymph from the upper right part of the body

Front 53

spleen

Back 53

Organ near the stomach that produces, stores, and eliminates blood cells

Front 54

suppressor T cell

Back 54

Lymphocyte that inhibits the activity of B and T lymphocytes

Front 55

T cell

Back 55

Lymphocyte that originates in the bone marrow but matures in the thymus gland; it acts directly on antigens to destroy them or produce chemicals (cytokines) such as interferons and interleukins that are toxic to antigens

Front 56

tolerance

Back 56

In the thymus, T lymphocytes learn to recognize and accept the body's own antigens as "self" or friendly

Front 57

thoracic duct

Back 57

Large lymphatic vessel in the chest that receives lymph from below the diaphragm and from the left side of the body above the diaphragm; it empties the lymph into veins in the upper chest

Front 58

thymus gland

Back 58

Organ in the mediastinum that produces T lymphocytes and aids in the immune response

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tonsils

Back 59

Masses of lymphatic tissue in the back of the oropharynx

Front 60

toxin

Back 60

Poison; a protein produced by certain bacteria, animals, or plants

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vaccination

Back 61

Introduction of altered antigens (viruses or bacteria) to produce an immune response and protection against disease.

Front 62

vaccine

Back 62

Weakened or killed microorganisms or toxins administered to induce immunity to infection or disease

Front 63

tolerance

Back 63

In the thymus, T lymphocytes learn to recognize and accept the body's own antigens as "self" or friendly

Front 64

thoracic duct

Back 64

Large lymphatic vessel in the chest that receives lymph from below the diaphragm and from the left side of the body above the diaphragm; it empties the lymph into veins in the upper chest

Front 65

thymus gland

Back 65

Organ in the mediastinum that produces T lymphocytes and aids in the immune response

Front 66

tonsils

Back 66

Masses of lymphatic tissue in the back of the oropharynx

Front 67

toxin

Back 67

Poison; a protein produced by certain bacteria, animals, or plants

Front 68

vaccination

Back 68

Introduction of altered antigens (viruses or bacteria) to produce an immune response and protection against disease.

Front 69

vaccine

Back 69

Weakened or killed microorganisms or toxins administered to induce immunity to infection or disease