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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Polymer |
-Long molecule consisting of many similar or identical building blocks linked by covalent bonds -Like a train consist of a chain of cars |
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Monomers |
-The repeating units that serve as the building blocks of a polymer are smaller molecules |
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Condensation Reaction/Dehydration Reaction Enzymes |
-Monomers connected by reaction in which two molecules are covalently bonded to each other through loss of a water molecule b/c water is the molecule that is lost -Enzymes facilitates the dehydration process, and are special macromolecules that speed up chemical reaction in cells |
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Hydrolysis |
-Polymers are disassembled to monomers by hydrolysis; process that reverses the dehydration reaction -Means to break using water -Bonds between monomers broken by addition of water molecules |
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Carbohydrates |
-Include sugar & polymers of sugar -Simplest are Monosaccharides -Disaccharides are double sugars of 2 Monosaccharides joined together by a covalent bond |
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Monosaccharides |
-Formula unit of CH2O -Trademark of sugar has carbonyl group and multiple of hydroxyl group -Most name for sugar end in [ose] |
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Disaccharide Glycosidic Linkage |
-Disaccharide consist of two monosaccharides joined by glycosidic linkage -Glycosidic linkage, a covalent bond formed between two monosaccharides by a dehydration reaction |
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Polysaccharides |
-Macromolecules, polymers with a few hundreds to a thousand monosaccharides joined by glycosidic linkages -Some serve as storage material, hydrolyzed as needed to provide sugar for cells |
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Starch |
-Plants store starch, a polymer of glucose monomers, as granule within cellular structures known as plastids, which include chloroplasts |
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Cellulose |
-Polysaccharide that is a major component of the cell wall of a plant -Is a polymer of glucose |
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Lipids |
-They mix poorly with water or lack affinity with water -Large biological molecules that does not include true polymers -Hydrophobic behavior of lipids based on their molecular structure, consists of mostly hydrocarbon regions |
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Fats |
-Not polymers, are large molecules assembled from smaller molecules by dehydration reactions. -Is constructed from two kinds of smaller molecule, glycerol, and fatty acids |
