Chapter 42: Animal Reproduction And Development

Front 1

Clones

Back 1

Genetically identical cells or individuals

Front 2

Asexual Reproduction

Back 2

A form a reproduction...... -

Front 3

Budding

Back 3

A form of asexual reproduction in fungi, plants, and animals. It is when a bud (or protrusion), forms on an organism and eventually breaks off to form a new organism that is small than its parent

Front 4

Fragmentation

Back 4

A form of asexual reproduction in which new individuals arise asexually of one organism into pieces, each of which develops into into a new individual

Front 5

Parthenogenesis

Back 5

A form of asexual reproduction in which the female produces eggs that are not fertilized by males by divide by mitosis and develop into new individuals

Front 6

Sexual Reproduction

Back 6

A form of reproducing in which organisms reproduce by combining a complete set of genetic information from two individuals to make a new genetically unique individuals

Front 7

Two basic biological process that are the core of sexual reproduction.

Back 7

Meiosis and Fertilization

Front 8

Meiosis

Back 8

A form of cell division that halves the number of chromosomes

Front 9

Fertilization

Back 9

Involves the fusion of specialized cells to restore the original chromosomal content

Front 10

Gametes/Spores

Back 10

The result ....

Front 11

Sperm/Spermatozoa

Back 11

The male gamete

Front 12

Egg/Ova

Back 12

The female gamete

Front 13

Zygote

Back 13

The result of fertilization, the fusion of the two gametes.

Front 14

Embryo

Back 14

An early stage of multicellular development.

Front 15

Twofold Cost of Sex

Back 15

-

Front 16

External Fertilization

Back 16

-

Front 17

Internal Fertilization

Back 17

Fertilization that occurs inside the body of the female

Front 18

R-Strategists

Back 18

-

Front 19

K-Strategists

Back 19

-

Front 20

Yolk

Back 20

A substance in eggs of animals with external fertilization that that provides all the nutrients that the developing embryo needs until it hatches

Front 21

Oviparity

Back 21

(Literally means egg birth) Method of giving birth used by fish and amphibians, reptiles, birds and most insects. Certain mammals (monotremes) use this method as well. It is the laying of eggs

Front 22

Viviparity

Back 22

Live Birth

Front 23

Amnion

Back 23

A membrane surrounding a fluid-filled cavity that allows the embryo to develop in a watery environment

Front 24

Allantois

Back 24

A second membrane that encloses the space where metabolic wastes collect

Front 25

Chorion

Back 25

A third membrane that surrounds the entire embryo along with its yolk and allantoic sac

Front 26

Extra-embryonic Membranes

Back 26

Sheets of cells that extend out of the developing embryo (i.e. yolk sac, amnion, allantois, and chorion)

Front 27

Placenta

Back 27

An organ that allows nutrients to be obtained directly from the mother. It is a fusion of chorion and allantois

Front 28

Gonads/Testes

Back 28

Place where the male gametes are produces

Front 29

Acrosome

Back 29

-

Front 30

Flagellum

Back 30

A tail like structure (found on sperm) that moves the cell by a whipping motions powered by the sperm's mitochondria

Front 31

Scrotum

Back 31

A sac that contains the testes

Front 32

Seminiferous Tubules

Back 32

A series of tubes within the testes where sperm is produced

Front 33

Epididymis

Back 33

The sperm travel here _____ from the seminiferous tubules to become motile

Front 34

Vas Deferens

Back 34

A long muscular tube that follows a a circuitous path, starting off in the scrotum, passing into the abdominal cavity, running along the bladder, and then collecting with the ejaculatory duct

Front 35

Ejaculatory Duct

Back 35

-

Front 36

Uretha

Back 36

Located just below the bladder....

Front 37

Semen

Back 37

The fluid that nuroushes and sustains sperm as they travel in the male and then female tracts

Front 38

Prostate Glands

Back 38

Located just beneath the bladder...

Front 39

Seminal Vesicles

Back 39

-

Front 40

Bulbourethral Glands

Back 40

Located beneath the prostate gland and produces a clear fluid that lubricates the urethra for passage of sperm

Front 41

Penis

Back 41

The male copulatory organ

Front 42

Glans Penis

Back 42

An organ consisting of a head and a shaft

Front 43

Oocytes

Back 43

Developing female gametes

Front 44

Ovaries

Back 44

-

Front 45

Fallopian Tube/Oviduct

Back 45

-

Front 46

Uterus

Back 46

The Womb

Front 47

Cervix

Back 47

Name given to the end of the uterus

Front 48

Vagina

Back 48

The birth canal

Front 49

Vulva

Back 49

The external genitalia of the female

Front 50

Labia major

Back 50

-

Front 51

Labia Minor

Back 51

-

Front 52

Clitoris

Back 52

Female homolog of the glans penis