Respiratory System Part 1

Front 1

Quiet inspiration is ____________, and quiet expiration is ______________.

Back 1

An active and passive process

Front 2

Which of the following represents all of the processes involved in respiration in the correct order?

1. Pulmonary ventilation; External respiration; Transport of respiratory gases; Internal respiration
2. Pulmonary respiration; External ventilation; Internal ventilation; Transport of respiratory gases
3. External respiration; Internal respiration; Transport of respiratory gases
4. Pulmonary ventilation; External ventilation; Internal ventilation; Transport of respiratory gases

Back 2

1. Pulmonary ventilation; External respiration; Transport of respiratory gases; Internal respiration

Front 3

Which of the following processes are unique to the respiratory system?

Back 3

pulmonary ventilation and external respiration

Front 4

Systemic venous blood that is to be oxygenated in the lungs is delivered by the ____________, and the ____________ provide oxygenated systemic blood to lung tissue.

Back 4

pulmonary arteries; bronchial arteries

Front 5

________, the difference between the intrapulmonary and intrapleural pressures, prevents the lungs from collapsing.

Back 5

Transpulmonary pressure

Front 6

The _________________ is also known as the "guardian of the airways".

Back 6

Eppiglotis

Front 7

Which parts of the respiratory system function as the main sites of gas exchange?

Back 7

Alveoli

Front 8

Which form of hypoxia reflects poor O2 delivery resulting from too few RBCs or from RBCs that contain abnormal or too little hemoglobin?

Back 8

Anemic Hypoxia

Front 9

What is ventilation-perfusion coupling?

Back 9

Matching the amount of gas reaching the alveoli to the blood flow in pulmonary capillaries

Front 10

Which is the most powerful respiratory stimulant?

Back 10

Rising CO2 levels

Front 11

What is the primary form in which carbon dioxide is carried in blood?

Back 11

as a bicarbonate ion in plasma

Front 12

T/F: Dalton's law of partial pressures states that the total pressure exerted by a mixture of gases is the sum of the pressures exerted independently by each gas in the mixture.

Back 12

True

Front 13

T/F: Although lung cancer is difficult to cure, it is highly preventable.

Back 13

True

Front 14

Which of the choices below is not a functional process performed by the respiratory system?

Back 14

transport of respiratory gases

Front 15

T/F: The lungs are perfused by two circulations: the pulmonary and the bronchial. The pulmonary circulation is for oxygenation of blood. The bronchial circulation supplies blood to the lung structures (tissue).

Back 15

True

Front 16

This space conducts for air to reach the sites of gas exchange. Includes all other respiratory structures

Back 16

Conducting Zone

Front 17

Sites of gas exchange, consists of bronchioles, alveolar ducts and alveoli.

Back 17

Respiratory Zone

Front 18

Respiratory muscles->

Back 18

Ventilation

Front 19

Moving air into and out of the lungs

Back 19

Pulmonary Ventilation

Front 20

Gas exchange between the lungs and the blood

Back 20

External Respiration

Front 21

Transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the lungs and tissues

Back 21

Transport

Front 22

Gas exchange between systemic blood vessels and tissues

Back 22

Internal respiration

Front 23

Aerobic respiration in mitoch

Back 23

Cellular respiration

Front 24

The only externally visible part of the respiratory system that houses the olfactory receptors

Back 24

Nose

Front 25

-Provides an airway for respiration
-Moistening and warming the entering air
-Filtering inspired air and cleaning it off foreign matter
-Serving as a resonating chamber for speech

Back 25

Functions of the nose

Front 26

Attaches to the hyoid bone and opens into the laryngopharynx superiorly.
-Continuous with the trachea posteriorly

Back 26

Larynx (Voice box)

Front 27

The three functions of the larynx

Back 27

-Provide airway
-Act as a switching mechanism to route air and food into the proper channels
-Voice production

Front 28

When is the larynx closed?

Back 28

During coughing, sneezing and valsalvas maneuver

Front 29

When air is temporarily held in the lower respiratory tract by closing the glottis

Back 29

Valsalvas Maneuver

Front 30

-Causes intra-abdominal pressure to rise when abdominal muscles contract
-Helps to empty the rectum
-Acts as a splint to stabilize the trunk when lifting heavy loads

Back 30

Valsalvas Maneuver

Front 31

When air reaches the bronchi it is:

Back 31

Warm and cleansed
saturated with water vapor

Front 32

Air passages undergo ____ orders of branching

Back 32

23

Front 33

Tissue walls of bronchi mimic that of the ________

Back 33

trachea

Front 34

-Consist of cuboidal epithelium
-Have a complete layer of circular smooth muscle
-Lack cartilage support and mucus-producing cells

Back 34

Bronchioles

Front 35

Defined by the presence of alveoli

Back 35

Respiratory zone

Front 36

Begins as terminal bronchioles and feed into repiratory

Back 36

bronchioles

Front 37

Respiratory bronchioles lead to:

Back 37

alveolar ducts

Front 38

From alveolar ducts it leads to the:

Back 38

terminal clusters of alveolar sacs composed of alveoli

Front 39

How many alveoli are there?

Back 39

300 million

Front 40

Account for most of the lungs volume
Provide surface area for gas exchange

Back 40

Alveoli

Front 41

Thin, double layer serosa

Back 41

Pleurae

Front 42

Covers the thoracic wall and superior face of the diaphram
-continues around the heart and between lungs

Back 42

Parietal Pleura

Front 43

-Covers the external lung surface
-Divides the thorasic cavity into three chambers

Back 43

Visceral (Pulmonary) pleura

Front 44

What are the three chambers the thorasic cavity is made into by the pleura?

Back 44

1. Central mediastinum
2. 2 lateral compartments (each containing a lung)

Front 45

Lungs are perfused by two circulations

Back 45

-pulmonary
-bronchial

Front 46

Supply systemic venous blood to be oxygenated

Back 46

Pulmonary arteries

Front 47

Carry oxygenated blood from respiratory zones to the heart

Back 47

Pulmonary Veins

Front 48

Provides systemic blood to the lung tissue

Back 48

Bronchial arteries

Front 49

Breathing is in two phases

Back 49

Inspiration
Expiration

Front 50

When air flows into lungs

Back 50

Inspiration

Front 51

When air flows out of the lungs

Back 51

Expiration

Front 52

A mechanical process that depends on volume changes in the thorasic cavity

Back 52

Breathing

Front 53

Volume changes lead to ____________________ which lead to the flow of gases to equalize pressure

Back 53

Pressure changes

Front 54

Respiratory pressure AKA

Back 54

Atmospheric pressure

Front 55

-Pressure exerted by the air surrounding the body
-Positive respiratory pressure is greater than P

Back 55

Atmospheric pressure

Front 56

Negative respiratory pressure is _____ than P

Back 56

less

Front 57

Positive respiratory pressure is _____ than P

Back 57

greater

Front 58

Caused by equalization of the intrapleural pressure with the intrapulmonary pressure

Back 58

Lung collapse

Front 59

Pneumotharax=

Back 59

air in the pleural cavity

Front 60

What pressure keeps the airways open

Back 60

Transpulmonary

Front 61

Difference between the intrapulmonary and intrapleural pressures

Back 61

Transpulmonary pressure

Front 62

The relationship between the pressure and volume of gases

Back 62

Boyles law

Front 63

P1V1=

Back 63

P2V2

Front 64

Flow of gases move ______ a pressure gradient

Back 64

down

Front 65

When the bronchioles are constricted or obstructed it :

Back 65

increases R and reduce F

Front 66

Your chest expands because your lungs fill with air

Back 66

False

Front 67

Located in between vocal folds

Back 67

Glottis

Front 68

What is the best way to breathe

Back 68

Through your nose

Front 69

Occurs in your alveoli's, it's the exchange between air and blood

Back 69

Gas exchange

Front 70

Help lower and raise the diaphram

Back 70

Intercostal Muscles

Front 71

The movement of air

Back 71

Ventilation

Front 72

It is internal respiration when the gas reaches a

Back 72

Tissue

Front 73

The proper means for delivering air into the conducting zone and lungs

Back 73

Nose

Front 74

Which is true?
-You fill your lungs with air because your chest expands
or
-Your chest expands because you fill your lungs with air

Back 74

-You fill your lungs with air because your chest expands

Front 75

If you hold your breath, your closing off the

Back 75

Glottis

Front 76

The trachea branches into:

Back 76

Bronchi

Front 77

What covers alveolis?

Back 77

Capillaries

Front 78

There are alveoli present in the:

Back 78

Respiratory bronchiole

Front 79

There are no alveoli present in the:

Back 79

Terminal Bronchiole

Front 80

This bronchiole is wrapped with smooth muscle

Back 80

Terminal bronchiole

Front 81

Provides for a smooth gliding surface and protects against pain and discomfort

Back 81

Serous membrane

Front 82

Name the pleura from the outside in

Back 82

1. Parietal
2. Serous
3. Visceral

Front 83

What is inspiration and expiration driven by?

Back 83

The contraction of skeletal muscle (voluntary)

Front 84

Lubricates and prevents friction when lungs expand

Back 84

Pleurae

Front 85

These arteries nourish the lung tissue

Back 85

Bronchial artery

Front 86

The average atmospheric pressure is:

Back 86

760 mm HG at sea level

Front 87

If the pressure goes up what does down?

Back 87

Volume

Front 88

Force exerted by all the gas molecules

Back 88

Pressure gradient

Front 89

The movement of the diaphragm changes:

Back 89

the volume

Front 90

When the diaphragm moves down, it causes the chest to:

Back 90

Expand

Front 91

When the diaphragm goes up, it causes the chest to:

Back 91

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