Chapter 21 - A Dividing Nation

Front 1

Union

Back 1

TheUS as one nation under a single government. During the civil War, “the Union” came to mean the government and armiesof the North.

Front 2

Missouri Compromise

Back 2

Anagreement made by Congress in 1820 under which Missouri was admitted to theUnion as a slave state and Maine was admitted as a free state.

Front 3

fugitive

Back 3

Aperson who flees or tires to escape. (for example, from slavery)

Front 4

Wilmot Proviso

Back 4

Aproposal made in 1846 to prohibit slavery in the territory added to the US as aresult of the Mexican-American War.

Front 5

Compromise of 1850

Back 5

Theagreements made in order to admit California into the Union as a freestate. These agreements includedallowing the New Mexico and Utah territories to decide whether to allowslavery, outlawing the slave trade in Washington, DC and creating a strongerfugitive slave law.

Front 6

Kansas-Nebraska Act

Back 6

Anact passed in 1854 that created the Kansas and Nebraska territories andabolished the Missouri Compromise by allowing settlers to determine whetherslavery would be allowed in the new territories.

Front 7

Dred Scott Decision

Back 7

ASupreme Court decision in 1857 that held that African Americans could never be citizensof the US and that the Missouri Compromise was unconstitutional.

Front 8

Lincoln-Douglas Debates

Back 8

Aseries of political debates between Abraham Lincoln and Stephen Douglas, whowere candidates in the Illinois race for US senator, in which slavery was themain issue.

Front 9

Where did the Northwest Ordinance of 1787 ban slavery?

Back 9

North of the Ohio River

Front 10

What did the Northwest Ordinance of 1787 have to do with Missouri's application to become a slave state in 1819?

Back 10

Missouri was north of the Ohio River and these states were to be free.

Front 11

Why was it important to have the number of slave and free states equal?

Back 11

So the number of representatives in Congress would be protected and therefore voting power wouldn't be lost.

Front 12

What compromise was reached regarding Missouri's statehood called?

Back 12

The Missouri Compromise

Front 13

What states were admitted as a result of the Missouri Compromise? Were they slave or free?

Back 13

Missouri as a slave state and Maine as a free state.

Front 14

What is the significance of the 36 30 latitude line?

Back 14

An imaginary line was drawn there prohibiting slavery north of it with the exception of Missouri.

Front 15

What was a result of the Missouri Compromise?

Back 15

The Missouri Compromise temporarily ended the slavery debate but did not settle the future of slavery as a whole in the US.

Front 16

What did the fugitive slave law do?

Back 16

It helped slaveowners recapture their property if slaves escaped to the North.

Front 17

Where did the Wilmot Proviso ban slavery?

Back 17

In land acquired from Mexico as a result of the Mexican American War.

Front 18

California wanted to enter the US as a free state. How did northerners and southerners feel about it?

Back 18

Northerners wanted California to enter as a free state, Southerners did not.

Front 19

How did the Compromise of 1850 affect California?

Back 19

It admitted California as a free state.

Front 20

What else did the Compromise of 1850 state regarding new territories and who did this please?

Back 20

The New Mexico and Utah territories could decide whether to allow slavery. This pleased the South.

Front 21

What other two things did the Compromise of 1850 do?

Back 21

Ended the slave trade in Washington, DC and passed a stronger fugitive slave law.

Front 22

Why did the Fugitive Slave Law not work?

Back 22

It was hard to enforce, slaves fled to Canada, Northerners refused to obey it, and slave catchers were treated horribly and returned to the South.

Front 23

Who wrote Uncle Tom's Cabin?

Back 23

Harriet Beecher Stowe

Front 24

How did people feel about the novel?

Back 24

It increased the outrage over slavery.

Front 25

What did the Kansas-Nebraska Act create?

Back 25

The territories of Kansas and Nebraska.

Front 26

What did the Kansas-Nebraska Act abolish?

Back 26

The Missouri Compromise

Front 27

Was slavery permitted in these two new territories?

Back 27

It allowed settlers to vote on whether or not to permit slavery.

Front 28

What was a result of the K-N Act?

Back 28

Many people moved to Kansas - some for farmland, and some to support or oppose slavery.

Front 29

What is one example of violence that resulted in Kansas?

Back 29

A raid on Lawrence, Kansas which was the home of the anti-slavery government.

Front 30

What is another example of violence that resulted in Kansas?

Back 30

John Brown's Raid had pro-slavery men dragged from their homes and killed.

Front 31

Who was Dred Scott?

Back 31

A slave who sued for his freedom because he had traveled to a free state.

Front 32

What two questions did the justices have to answer?

Back 32

If Dred Scott, as a slave, could bring a case to the court and if his stay in Wisconsin made him a free man.

Front 33

What was the Supreme Court's decision?

Back 33

They decided that Scott could not sue because he was not a citizen. African Americans could not be citizens.

Front 34

Who ran for the Senate for the Republican Party in 1858?

Back 34

Abraham Lincoln

Front 35

Who was Lincoln's opponent?

Back 35

Stephen Douglas

Front 36

Who won that Senate race?

Back 36

Douglas

Front 37

What effect did the race have on Lincoln?

Back 37

He became well-known.

Front 38

What was John Brown hoping to accomplish when he raided the arsenal at Harper's Ferry?

Back 38

He wanted to start a slave rebellion.

Front 39

What was the result of the raid?

Back 39

All of Brown's men were killed and he was convicted of treason and sentenced to be hanged.

Front 40

Who won the presidential election of 1860?

Back 40

Abraham Lincoln

Front 41

What was the state of the country in 1860?

Back 41

The North and the South were deeply divided over the issue of slavery.

Front 42

What did the Southern states do in February 1861?

Back 42

They became the Confederate States of America.

Front 43

What caused the Civil War to begin?

Back 43

Confederates opened fire on Ft. Sumter, SC.