Chapter 2 Section 4

Front 1

hypochondriac

Back 1

upper right and left region beneath the ribs in the abdominopelvic region.

Front 2

eipgastric

Back 2

upper middle region above the stomach in the abdominopelvic region.

Front 3

lumbar

Back 3

middle right and left regions near the waist in the abdominopelvic region.

Front 4

umbilical

Back 4

central region near the navel in the abdominopelvic region.

Front 5

inguinal

Back 5

lower right and left regions near the groin (also called iliac regions) in the abdominopelvic region.

Front 6

hypogastric

Back 6

lower middle region below the umbilical region in the abdominopelvic regions.

Front 7

RUQ

Back 7

right upper quadrant in abdominopelvic quadrants

Front 8

LQU

Back 8

left upper quadrant in abdominopelvic quadrants

Front 9

RLQ

Back 9

right lower quadrant in abdominopelvic quadrants

Front 10

LLQ

Back 10

left lower quadrant in abdominopelvic quadrants

Front 11

cervical

Back 11

neck region (C1 to C7) in the division of the back.

Front 12

thoracic

Back 12

chest region (T1 to T12) in the division of the back

Front 13

lumbar

Back 13

lion (waist) region (L1 to L5) in the division of the back.

Front 14

sacral

Back 14

region of the sacrum (S1 to S5) in the division of the back.

Front 15

coccygeal

Back 15

region of the ccyx (tailbone) in the division of the back.

Front 16

vertebra

Back 16

a single backbone.

Front 17

vertebrae

Back 17

backbones.

Front 18

spinal column

Back 18

bone tissue surrounding the spinal cavity.

Front 19

spinal cord

Back 19

nervous tissue within the spinal cavity.

Front 20

disk (disc)

Back 20

a pad of cartilage between vertebrae.

Front 21

anterior (ventral)

Back 21

front surface of the body. Example: the forehead is on the anterior side of the body.

Front 22

posterior (dorsal)

Back 22

the back side of the body. Example: the back of the head is posterior (dorsal) to the face.

Front 23

Deep

Back 23

Away from the surface. Example: the stab wound penetrated deep into the abdomon.

Front 24

superficial

Back 24

On the surface. Example: superficial veins can be viewed through the skin.

Front 25

proximal (close)

Back 25

near the point of attachment to the trunk or near the beginning of a structure. Example: The proximal end of the upper armbone (hemerus) joins with the shoulder bone.

Front 26

distal

Back 26

far from the point of attachment to the runk or far from the beginning of a structure. Example: At its distal end, the humerus joins with the lower armbones at the elbow.

Front 27

inferior

Back 27

below another structure. Example: the feet are the inferior part of the body. They are inferior to the knees. The term caudal (pertaining to the tailo, or to the lower portion of the body) also means awy from the head or below another structure.

Front 28

superior

Back 28

above another structure. Example: the head is superior to the neck. Cephalic (pertaining to the head) also means above another structure.

Front 29

medial

Back 29

pertaining to the middle or near the medial plane of the body. Example: the inner thigh is medial in relation of the body.

Front 30

lateral

Back 30

pertaining to the side. Example: the outer thigh is lateral in relagtion to the body.

Front 31

supine

Back 31

lying on the back. Example: the patient lies supine during an examination of the abdomen. (The face is up in the supine position).

Front 32

prone

Back 32

lying on the belly. Example: the backbone are examined with the patient in a prone position. (The patient lies on his or her stomach in the prone position.)

Front 33

Frontal (coronal) plane

Back 33

Vertical plane dividing the body or structure into anterior and posterior portions. A common chest x-ray view is a PA (posteroanterior--view from back to front) view, which is in the frontal (coronal) plane.

Front 34

Sagittal (lateral) plane.

Back 34

Lengthwise vertical plane dividing the body structure into right and left sides. The midsagittal plane divides the body into right and left halves. A lateral (side-by-side) chest x-ray film is taken in the sagittal plane.

Front 35

Transverse plane (cross-sectional or axial)

Back 35

Horizontal plane running across the body to the ground. This cross-sectional plane divides the body or structure into upper and lower portions. A CT (computer tomography) scan is one of a series of x-ray picture taken in the transverse (axial or cross-sectional) plane.