Chapter 2 (Additional Questions)

Front 1

Elements play an important role in _______

Back 1

Respiration, nerve impulses, muscle contractions, etc.

Front 2

Cation

Back 2

Positively charged ion

Front 3

Anion

Back 3

Negatively charged ion

Front 4

Hydrogen Bonds

Back 4

Attractive force between electropositive atom of one molecule and an electronegative atom of another molecule.

Front 5

Reactants

Back 5

Materials going into a reaction

Front 6

Products

Back 6

Materials coming out of a reaction

Front 7

Metabolism

Back 7

Sum total of the chemical reactions occurring in body cells

Front 8

Inorganic compounds

Back 8

Do not contain carbon

Front 9

Organic compounds

Back 9

Contain carbon

Front 10

Example of inorganic compounds

Back 10

Water, salts, carbon dioxide, oxygen

Front 11

Example of organic compounds

Back 11

Carbohydrates, fats, proteind, and nucleic acids

Front 12

Properties of water

Back 12

High heat capacity, high heat of vaporization, cushioning, and reactivity

Front 13

What is vital for homeostasis?

Back 13

Ionic balance

Front 14

pH is regulated by?

Back 14

Physiological and chemical system buffers

Front 15

Dehydration synthesis produces a ______

Back 15

H2O

Front 16

What's the main source of cellular fuel?

Back 16

Carbohydrates

Front 17

What two sugars primary functions is energy source?

Back 17

Monosaccharides and disaccharides

Front 18

What sugar has a primary source is storage of glucose?

Back 18

Polysaccharides

Front 19

What sugar must be hydrolyzed prior to entering the cell?

Back 19

Disaccharides

Front 20

What are the three main types of lipids?

Back 20

Triglycerides, phospholipids, and steroids

Front 21

Triglyceride

Back 21

Glycerol with 3 fatty acid chains

Front 22

Steroids

Back 22

Interlocking four ring structure

Front 23

What's the most important steroid and why?

Back 23

Cholesterol and synthesis vitamin d, steroid hormones and bile salts

Front 24

Nucleic acids

Back 24

Store and process information in the nucleus

Front 25

Enzymes

Back 25

Lower the activation energy and increase the speed of reaction

Front 26

PCO2 range

Back 26

35-45 mmHg

Front 27

HCO3- range

Back 27

22-26 mEq/L

Front 28

Normal pH

Back 28

7.40

Front 29

Normal PCO2

Back 29

40 mmHg

Front 30

Normal HCO3-

Back 30

24 mEq/L

Front 31

Academia is when pH

Back 31

Falls below 7.35

Front 32

Alkalemia is when the pH

Back 32

Rises above 7.45

Front 33

Respiratory acidosis

Back 33

An increase in PCO2

Front 34

Metabolic acidosis

Back 34

A decrease in HCO3-

Front 35

Respiratory alkalosis

Back 35

A decrease in PCO2

Front 36

Metabolic alkalosis

Back 36

An increase in HCO3-

Front 37

What kind of proteins occur in denaturation?

Back 37

Globular by unfolding and losing functional shape

Front 38

What kind of proteins occur in enzymes?

Back 38

Globular by acting as a catalysts

Front 39

Exchanges between plasma and IF occur across ______

Back 39

Capillary walls