Chapter 17 Blunt Trauma

Front 1

What trauma is the most common cause of death and disability?

Back 1

Blunt

Front 2

___ is the result of energy exchange from an object to the human body, without intrusion of the object through the skin.

Back 2

Blunt trauma

Front 3

Branch of physics that deals with motion, taking into consideration mass, velocity and force.

Back 3

Kinetics

Front 4

Two basic principals of kinetics:

Back 4

Law of Inertia
Law of energy conservation

Front 5

Tendency of an object to remain at rest or remain in motion unless acted on by an external force.

Back 5

Inertia

Front 6

The process of changing place (movement)

Back 6

Motion

Front 7

Law of inertia was formed by ___ and is also known as___:

Back 7

Sir Isaac Newton
Newton's 1st Law

Front 8

The capacity to DO WORK (SON!) in the strict physical sense.

Back 8

Energy

Front 9

Energy can neither be created nor destroyed. It can only be changed from one to another.

Back 9

Law of conservation of energy

Front 10

Energy of abject while in motion.

Back 10

Kinetic energy

Front 11

Formula for kinetic energy:

Back 11

Mass X Velocity (squared)
--------------------------------------
2

Front 12

Measure of matter an object has.

Back 12

Mass

Front 13

Rate of motion in a particular direction in relation to time.

Back 13

Velocity

Front 14

Newton's 2nd law of motion explains:

Back 14

Force

Front 15

Formula for force:

Back 15

Mass X Acceleration (or Deceleration)

Front 16

Rate at which speed or velocity increase.

Back 16

Acceleration

Front 17

Rate at which speed or velocity decrease.

Back 17

Deceleration

Front 18

The draining of blood to the point at which life cannot be sustained.

Back 18

Exsanguination

Front 19

___ people lose their lives in MVCs.

Back 19

44,000

Front 20

5 types of vehicle impacts:

Back 20

Rotational (38%)
Frontal (32%)
Lateral (15%)
Rear-end (9%)
Rollover (6%)

Front 21

4 Events of impact during a MVC:

Back 21

Vehicle collision
Body collision
Organ collision
Secondary collision (objects in vehicle move and hit victim)

Front 22

3 Most common restraints in a vehicle:

Back 22

Seat belt
Air Bag
Child Seat

Front 23

3 MOIs from frontal impact:

Back 23

Up and over (over half the deaths in MVC)
Down and under
Ejection (27% MVC fatalities)

Front 24

Forces of trauma along the axis of spine causing compression fractures.

Back 24

Axial loading (Up and overs)

Front 25

Region of vehicle designed to absorb impact.

Back 25

Crumple zone

Front 26

___ syndrome results from compression of the chest against the steering column.

Back 26

Paper bag syndrome

Front 27

Paper bag syndrome often leads to:

Back 27

Pneumothorax
Pulmonary contusions

Front 28

Maintain a high index of suspicion with ___ impact because injuries may be greater than they appear.

Back 28

Lateral

Front 29

T or F: Rotational impacts often appear worse than actual harm to PT.

Back 29

T

Front 30

One key to limited injuries in rear impact collision is the presence of ___ .

Back 30

Headrest

Front 31

Rollover collisions often find PTs that have been ___ ___.

Back 31

Partially ejected.

Front 32

___ are especially effective in reducing ejection.

Back 32

Restraints

Front 33

Alcohol use has been found in over __ % of MVCs.

Back 33

50%

Front 34

Head and body cavity trauma account for __% of deaths in MVCs.

Back 34

85%

Front 35

MVC fatalities by body area:

Back 35

Head 47.7%
Internal (chest/abdomen) 37.3%
Spinal 8.3%
Extremities 2.0%
Other 4.7%

Front 36

T or F: Helmets have no effect on the incidence of spinal trauma.

Back 36

True

Front 37

Recreational vehicles lack the ___ and __ of automobiles.

Back 37

Structure and restraints

Front 38

Agent that enhances combustion of a fuel.

Back 38

Oxidizer

Front 39

6 MOIs from Blasts:

Back 39

Pressure wave (overpressure radiates out)
Blast wind
Projectiles
Personnel displacement
Confined space/collapse
Burns

Front 40

Rapid increase and then decrease of atmospheric pressure created by an explosion.

Back 40

Overpressure

Front 41

Agent that combusts

Back 41

Incendiary

Front 42

3 Blast phases:

Back 42

Primary - explosion
Secondary - projectiles
Tertiary - personnel displacement (crush injuries)

Front 43

Most common injures with explosion.

Back 43

Pulmonary injuries

Front 44

4 pulmonary issues from explosion:

Back 44

Emboli
Dyspnea
Hemoptysis (blood in resp tract)
Pneumothorax

Front 45

3 other types of blunt trauma:

Back 45

Falls
Sports injuries
Crush injuries