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54 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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colony
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-extension of a country
-they claim land because resources were there that they couldn't get them back in their home country |
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England
John Cabot (1497) Henry Hudson (1610) |
Newfoundland. North west Passage. Died in a ocean
______________________________________________________ Northern Canada. Hudson bay. Crew mutinied. |
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France
Verrazo (1524) Jaques Cartier (1534) fr. Marquette and Louis Joliet(1572) Lasalle (1679) |
N. Carolina to NewYork coastline. initial claim 4 France
---------- Montreal and Quebec --------- green bay - Chicago to Milwaukee ----------- New Orleans (Louisiana king Louie) & down Mississippi river |
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Netherlands
Henry Hudson (1609) |
* dutch saw it as a business town
-New York aka New Amsterdam -funding from west indies company. |
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Spanish "Conquistadors"
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conquerors
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Balboa
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-Panama Canal
-1st European to see / touch Pacific Ocean * pacific ocean- calm & pacified two and a half times bigger |
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Francisco Pizarro
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-conquers Incas (Peru)
-Spanish\ empire in south america -North and West region of South America - butchered Indians (Incas) |
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Cortez
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-subdue aztecs
-burnt ships so there was no turning back -superstition : believed Cortez was the white god -political in fighting: join force w/those who rivaled Montezuma |
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Peninsulares
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-ranch owner
-ruler of the Encumiendas |
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Encumiendas
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- large mass of land
-forts -missions |
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Mestizos
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offspring of Spanish and Aztec Indians
spanish--> mestizoes --> Aztec Indians |
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Florida
Ponce De Leon(1513) Hernan de Soto(1539) Mendez de Ariles (1565) |
fountain of youth. killed, claimed Florida 4 Spain
--------------------------------- started Florida, up Mississippi river. Arkansas back down. used Natives, killed & buried them in unmarked graves --------------------------------- st. Augustine = oldest city |
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settling southwest
Coronado (1540) Santa Fe |
look for 7 cities of gold. saw grand canyon then went north to Kansas. Saw buffalo.
---------------------------------------- el camino real |
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Jamestown (1607)
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located in Virginia named after -> Elizabeth known as virgin Queen
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Roanoke Island
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-lost colony
-dropped people off then were unable to come back to bring them more supplies until 20years later because of war. when they arrived back no one was there. there was only the word croatoan carved into a tree -defeat of Spanish armada (1588) |
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Sir Walter Raleigh
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-started first colony
-Roanoke island -was a failure and was charged with treason |
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types of colonial charters
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-joint stock: many (civilians) put money in together they are directors
-proprietary : rented to one person -royal: king or queen take over charter and are now in charge |
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Jamestown
Disastrous Start |
-Virginia co. : owners don't come over. find people to come and find gold
-starving time: (1610) cannibalism. dig up dead bodies for food and ate rats. -Powhatan : Indian Chief (helps them) |
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Jamestown
Flourishes |
- john smith :mercenary or soldier for hire. In charge. Military discipline to organize the colony
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John Rolfe and Tobacco:
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-didnt find gold
-made money on tobacco -smoking became a huge among the English |
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House of Burgesses
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-like the house of representatives
-first lawmakers in english colonies |
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indentured servants
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-came to work for 3-7 years then were free
-but they also sometimes ran away or died |
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English Pattern of Conquest
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-didn't consider inter relating with the Native Americans
-1620 : war between the two groups -English kill all even the peaceful indians -saw indians as they saw irish in ireland - low class - inferior |
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tide water aristocracy
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-right on coast best place for trade
- hostilities rose between them and the back country farmers |
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Frontier
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-beyond fall line
-had a hard time getting product to the market -risked running into Native Americans that weren't friendly |
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Bacon
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-previews revolution
-asked governor for help says no. - gov. leaves on ship to England because he is scared. people were willing to question authority because authority was so far away. |
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John Calvin
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-born Geneva Switzerland
- started his religion here |
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predestination
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-destination already set
-god knows whats gonna happen -people figured whatever |
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the "elect"
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-people who are going to heaven
-knew they would go if they went to church and read the bible |
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importance of the bible
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-started primary schools for children
-started teaching children how to read -(in the North) |
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Importance of education
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-able to read
-they will begin reading new things because of curiosity -broadened their horizons -began questioning things |
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New England economy
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fishing
trade tobacco and other crops harvested ship building |
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squatters
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pilgrims where in the wrong place but still stayed
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puritans (1629)
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-Massachusetts Bay
-didn't support freedom of religion -nonconformists -wanted to get rid of hierarchical scale and popish ways |
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pilgrims(1620)
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-Plymouth
-separatists -mayflower compact agreed to a majority rules system (1650) they sorta meshed with the puritans in Massachusetts |
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Henry the eighth
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-created the Anglican church = church of England
-= to Episcopalian -was very much like Christianity with its traditions |
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Massachusetts Bay Company
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-joint stock
-owners actually come to america/ unusual |
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John Winthrop
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-city upon a hill
-1st governor -wanted to create a place that shows how life should be lived in general and for god |
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theocracy
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religious leaders were political leaders
voting - had to be a member of the church |
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New England Colonies
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-Plymouth (1620)
-New Hampshire (1624) -Massachusetts Bay (1629) -Connecticut (1635) -Providence (1636) |
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Middle Colonies
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New York (1625)
Delaware (1638) New Jersey (1660) Pennsylvania (1681) |
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Southern Colonies
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Virginia (1607)
Maryland (1634) North Carolina (1663) South Carolina (1663) Georgia (1732) |
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founding of providence Rhode island
Roger williams |
-upset that puritans took land and felt that they should pay for the land
-also agreed with freedom of religion |
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Anne Hutchinson banished
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-religious nonconformist
-spoke up a lot in town meetings - challenged religious authorities -got kicked out with her family - said ministers are not needed to interpret the bible |
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Thomas Hooker
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-kicked out of Massachusetts as well
- disagreed with puritans because he felt they weren't strict enough. |
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quaker influence
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-pacifist
- let any religious group practice what they wanted |
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penn's holy experiment
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- inner light
-believed each individual had this |
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native american relations with Quakers in Pennsylvania
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friendly at first
-problems arise when more non Quakers arrived because of the freedom of religion |
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James Oglethorpe
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charter granted to him.
he asked the king to take people from prisons and start new life in a colony |
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Georgia (1733)
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-last colony
-southern colony -proprietary colony -debtors colony: debtors prison 1st populated Georgia - buffer between Spanish and SC |
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Quakers kicked out because they will not fight to protect their people. They don't believe in fighting
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large population of Pennsylvania is german
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dutch found New Netherlands 1610-1664
Peter Styvestant |
governor general during war
peg leg English take New Netherlands (1664) |
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the English take over
restoration of monarchy |
-king is brought back
-Charles II gives his brother the duke of York New Netherlands |
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new Netherlands become new York
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-new jersey is given to the kings entourage
-the Carolinas are given to others who helped this land is named after Charles II -main city is Charleston |
