World War 2 Ap Us History Test Review

Front 1

The US’s response to the London Conference had what effect on our relationship with other nations?

Back 1

It established to them our extreme isolationism, pushed other countries into extreme nationalism, and created bitterness and tension between the US and foreign nations

Front 2

What were the 2 factors that influenced FDR to formally recognize the Soviet Union?

Back 2

1) He wanted to trade with them to bolster the economy and cure the Great Depression
2) He wanted them to fight Germany so we wouldn't have to. He was hoping Germany and Russia would fight each other out, using up each other's resources and containing the war to themselves instead of spreading it and affecting other nations

Front 3

Give one example of FDR’s “Good Neighbor” Policy in action.

Back 3

-Removal of the Platt Amendment
-Diplomatic relations instead of military intervention in Mexico after oil crisis
-Removal of troops from Haiti and Cuba
-Agreement to leave Philippines by 1945

Front 4

What impact did the Reciprocal Trade Agreement of 1934 have on the international economy?

Back 4

-It improved relations between all countries involved
-It improved the international economy by bolstering trade
-"I'll lower my tariffs if you lower yours" Tariffs in many countries were lowered and importation and exportation increased and improved
-It put America at the helm of international trade and put the US in a position of leadership of the international economy

Front 5

Why did the League of Nations fail to take action against Italy, Japan, or Germany as they committed aggressive acts during the 1930s?

Back 5

-They did not have military power like the UN eventually would
-They wanted to avoid war, and they thought they could achieve peace through appeasement instead of conflict. They were wrong, obviously

Front 6

How did the Neutrality Act of 1939 represent a change in US policy and what prompted this change?

Back 6

-The US opened the door for taking a side and/or entering the war
-It was a shift from extreme isolationism to aid to Britain
-Implementing cash-and-carry showed a step away from neutrality
-The invasion of Poland prompted this change

Front 7

After the fall of France, a majority of Americans began to favor what position regarding US involvement in the European conflict?

Back 7

-All aid short of war to Britain
They didn't want to get involved in the war, but they did want to take a store and help democracy in Europe without sending troops.

Front 8

What was the purpose of the Atlantic Charter?

Back 8

-Churchill and Roosevelt met up to plan the post-war world
-They wanted to prevent imperialism and territorial claims like after World War 1 with the Treaty of Versailles
-Plans included a committee of nations similar to the League of Nations. Would be the United Nations.

Front 9

What was considered an "economic declaration of war?"

Back 9

The lend-lease act
It allowed the US to trade with belligerent nations, to sail on belligerent ships, etc.
It dismantled the neutrality acts of 1936 and 1937, the neutrality acts that had shown actual neutrality
It allowed the US to trade with belligerent nations as long as the nation promised to give it back

Front 10

Identify 2 reasons why Japan attacked the US at Pearl Harbor

Back 10

-The US had put an embargo on them of weapons and oil, and the oil embargo especially had hit them hard. They wanted to obtain supplies from the US, or force them to end the embargo
-They wanted to wipe out the US naval threat of the fleet parked there

Front 11

Explain the impact that the war had on labor unions

Back 11

-Membership increased
but
-There were severe restrictions of their ability to strike

Front 12

The textbook authors’ state that “...the war’s immediate impact on women’s lives has frequently been exaggerated.” Cite one piece of evidence to support this claim.

Back 12

-The boomerang effect back to domesticity in the 50s. The women's movement returned in full swing int he 60s.

Front 13

What battles are considered to be the major turning points in the war? (One in the Pacific and one in the European theatre)

Back 13

European theatre: D-Day

Pacific theatre: Midway

Front 14

What decision was made at Potsdam between Truman, Stalin, and British leaders?

Back 14

They decided to give an ultimatum to Japan of complete surrender with no conditions or face utter destruction

Front 15

YOU ARE NOW ENTERING THE TRUE OR FALSE SECTION OF THIS REVIEW

Back 15

THIS TRUE/FALSE SECTION WILL BE CHAPTER 35 IN THE 12TH EDITION OF AMERICAN PAGEANT

Front 16

Roosevelt's policy towards the 1933 London Economic Conference showed his concern for establishing stable international economic order.

Back 16

FALSE

Front 17

Roosevelt adhered to his Good Neighbor policy of nonintervention in Latin America even when Mexico seized American oil companies in 1938

Back 17

TRUE

Front 18

American isolationism was called partly by deep disillusionment with US participation in World War 1

Back 18

TRUE

Front 19

The Neutrality Acts of the mid-1930s prevented Americans from lending money or selling weapons to warring nations and from sailing on belligerent ships

Back 19

TRUE

Front 20

Despite the neutrality laws, the United States provided some assistance to the Spanish Loyalist government in its Civil War with the Fascistic General Franco

Back 20

FALSE

Front 21

The United States reacted strongly when Japan sank the American gunboat Panay in Chinese waters

Back 21

FALSE

Front 22

The United States attempted to dissuade the Western democracies from pursuing their policy of appeasing Hitler's aggressive demands

Back 22

FALSE

Front 23

The "cash-and-carry" Neutrality Act of 1939 allowed America to aid the allies without making loans or transporting weapons on US ships

Back 23

TRUE

Front 24

The fall of France to Hitler in 1940 strengthened US determination to stay neutral

Back 24

FALSE

Front 25

Isolationist argued that economic and military aid to Britain would inevitably lead to US involvement in the European war

Back 25

TRUE

Front 26

Republican presidential nominee Willkie joined the isolationist attack on Roosevelt's pro-Britain policy in the 1940 campaign.

Back 26

FALSE

Front 27

The 1941 Lend-Lease Act marked the effective abandonment of US neutrality and the beginning of naval clashes with Germany

Back 27

TRUE

Front 28

The Atlantic Charter was an agreement on future war aims signed by Great Britain, the United States, and the Soviet Union

Back 28

FALSE

Front 29

US warships were already being damaged and sunk in clashes with the German navy before Pearl Harbor

Back 29

TRUE

Front 30

The focal point of conflict between the United States and Japan in the pre-Pearl Harbor negotiations was Japan's refusal to withdraw from the Dutch East Indies

Back 30

FALSE

Front 31

COMPLETE THE SENTENCE SECTION

Back 31

THIS SECTION IS CHAPTER 35 IN THE AMERICAN PAGEANT 12TH EDITION TEXTBOOK

Front 32

Roosevelt torpedoed the the London Economic Conference of 1933 because...

Back 32

he wanted to concentrate primarily on the recovery of the American domestic economy

Front 33

Seeking to withdraw from overseas commitments and colonial expense, the United States in 1934 promised future independence to...

Back 33

the Philippines

Front 34

Roosevelt's Good Neighbor policy towards Latin America included...

Back 34

a renunciation of American intervention in Mexico or elsewhere in the region

Front 35

The immediate response of most Americans to the rise of the Fascist dictators Mussolini and Hitler was...

Back 35

a deeper commitment to remain isolated from European problems

Front 36

The Neutrality Acts of 1935, 1936, and 1937 provided that...

Back 36

Americans could not sail on belligerent ships, sell munitions, or make loans to nations at war

Front 37

The effect of the strict American arms embargo during the civil war between the Loyalist Spanish government and Franco's fascist rebels was...

Back 37

to cripple the Loyalist government while the Italians and Germans armed Franco

Front 38

The policy of appeasing the Fascist dictators reached its low point in 1938 when Britain and France sold out Czechoslovakia to Hitler in the conference at...

Back 38

Munich

Front 39

The "cash-and-carry" Neutrality Act of 1939 was cleverly designed to...

Back 39

help Britain and France by letting them buy supplies and munitions

Front 40

The "destroyers-for-bases" deal of 1940 provided that...

Back 40

the United States would give Britain fifty American destroyers in exchange for eight British bases in North America

Front 41

The twin events that precipitated the reversal of American policy from neutrality to active, though nonbelligerent, support of the Allied cause were...

Back 41

the fall of France and the Battle of Britain

Front 42

In the campaign of 1940, the Republican nominee Willkie essentially agreed with Roosevelt on the issue of...

Back 42

foreign policy

Front 43

The Lend-Lease act clearly marked...

Back 43

an end to the pretense of American neutrality between Britain and Germany

Front 44

The provisions of the Atlantic Charter signed by Roosevelt and Churchill in 1941 included...

Back 44

self-determination for oppressed peoples and a new international peacekeeping organization

Front 45

By the fall of 1940, American warships were being attacked by German destroyers near the coast of...

Back 45

Iceland

Front 46

The key issue in the failed negotiations with Japan just before Pearl Harbor was...

Back 46

the Japanese refusal to withdraw from China

Front 47

YOU ARE NOW ENTERING THE SECOND TRUE OR FALSE SECTION OF THIS REVIEW

Back 47

THIS SECTION WILL COVER CHAPTER 36 OF THE AMERICAN PAGEANT TEXTBO

Front 48

America's major strategic decision in World War 2 was to fight Japan first and then attack Hitler's Germany

Back 48

FALSE

Front 49

A substantial minority of Americans, particularly those of German and Italian descent, questioned the wisdom of fighting World War 2

Back 49

FALSE

Front 50

Government-run rationing and wage-price controls enabled the United States to meet the economic challenges of the war

Back 50

TRUE

Front 51

New sources of labor such as women and Mexican braceros helped overcome the human-resources shortage during World War 2

Back 51

TRUE

Front 52

World War 2 stimulated massive black migration to the North and West and encouraged black demands for greater equality

Back 52

TRUE

Front 53

A majority of women who worked in wartime factories stayed in the labor force after the war ended

Back 53

FALSE

Front 54

American citizens at home had to endure serious economic deprivations during World War 2

Back 54

FALSE

Front 55

The Japanese navy established its domination of the Pacific sea-lanes in the 1942 battles of Coral Sea and Midway

Back 55

FALSE

Front 56

The American strategy in the Pacific was to encircle Japan by flank movements from Burma and Alaska

Back 56

FALSE

Front 57

In the first years of the war in Europe, Britain and the United States bore the heaviest burden of Allied ground fighting against Hitler

Back 57

FALSE

Front 58

Britain was reluctant to attack Germany directly across the English Channel because of its memory of World War 1's heavy losses

Back 58

TRUE

Front 59

At the Teheran Conference in 1943, Stalin, Churchill, and Roosevelt planned the D-Day invasion and the final strategy for winning the war

Back 59

TRUE

Front 60

Liberal democrats rallied to dump Vice President Henry Wallace from FDR's ticket in 1944 and replace him with Senator Harry S Truman

Back 60

FALSE

Front 61

Roosevelt died just a few weeks before the dropping of the atomic bomb and the surrender of Japan

Back 61

FALSE

Front 62

The United States modified its demand for "unconditional surrender" by allowing Japan to keep its emperor, Hirohito

Back 62

TRUE

Front 63

FINISH THE SENTENCE

Back 63

CHAPTER 36

Front 64

The fundamental American strategic decision of World War 2 was...

Back 64

to attack Germany first while using just enough strength to hold off Japan

Front 65

The major exception to the relatively good American civil liberties record during World War 2 was the treatment of...

Back 65

Japanese-Americans

Front 66

Wartime inflation and food shortages were kept partly in check by...

Back 66

price controls and rationing

Front 67

The wartime shortage of labor was partly made up by bringing into the work force such groups as...

Back 67

Mexican braceros and women

Front 68

Compared with British and Soviet women during World War 2, more American women...

Back 68

did not work for wages in the wartime economy

Front 69

The Fair Employment Practices Commission was designed to...

Back 69

prevent discrimination against blacks in wartime industries

Front 70

The wartime migration of rural African-Americans to northern urban factories was further accelerated after the war by the invention of...

Back 70

the mechanical cotton picker

Front 71

Besides African-Americans, another traditionally rural group who used service in the armed forces as a springboard to postwar urban life were...

Back 71

Indians

Front 72

The Japanese advance in the Pacific was finally halted at the battles of...

Back 72

Coral Sea and Midway

Front 73

The essential American strategy in the Pacific called for...

Back 73

"island hopping" by capturing only the most strategic Japanese bases and bypassing the rest

Front 74

The US-British demand for "unconditional surrender" was...

Back 74

a weak verbal substitute for the promised "Second Front"

Front 75

The American conquest of Guam and other islands in the Marianas in 1944 was especially important because...

Back 75

it made possible round-the-clock bombing of Japan from land bases

Front 76

The most difficult European fighting for American forces through most of 1943 occurred in...

Back 76

Italy

Front 77

Hitler's last-ditch effort to stop the British and American advance in the west occurred at...

Back 77

the Battle of the Bulge

Front 78

The second American atomic bomb was dropped on the Japanese city of...

Back 78

Nagasaki

Front 79

CONGRATULATIONS YOU'VE FINISHED THE REVIEW

Back 79

GOOD LUCK ON WHATEVER TEST/QUIZ/ESSAY YOU ARE STUDYING FOR