Ch 1 Anatomy And Chemistry Basics (Cn)

Front 1

The smallest quantity of an element that still possesses the characteristics of that element is?

Back 1

An ATOM

Front 2

Atoms chemically bond together to form? (Same type of atoms)

Back 2

Molecules

Front 3

When the Atoms in a molecule are different, the molecule is called?

Back 3

A Compound

Front 4

__________ bonds form between two atoms when one or more electrons are completely transferred from one atom to another.

Back 4

Ionic

Front 5

___________ bonds form when electrons are shared between atoms

Back 5

Covalent

Front 6

___________ bons are weak bonds that form between the positively charged hydrogen atom in one covalently bonded molecule and the negatively charged area of another covalently bonded molecule

Back 6

Hydrogen

Front 7

__________ are typically compounds without carbon atoms

Back 7

Inorganic compounds

Front 8

Name the properties of water

Back 8

1. Excellent solvent
2. High degree of cohesion/high surface tension
3. Temperature very stable

Front 9

Define hydrophilic and give an example of a substance that is hydophilic.

Back 9

Means water loving and Polar covalent substances are hydophilic

Front 10

Define hydrophobic and give an example of a substance that is hydophobic.

Back 10

Measn water fearing and Nonpolar covalent substances are hydophobic.

Front 11

__________compounds are those that have carbon atoms

Back 11

Organic

Front 12

What are the four most important Organic classes of molecules?

Back 12

1. Carbohydrates
2. Lipids
3. Proteins
4. Nucleic Acids

Front 13

Name 3 groups of carbohydrates.

Back 13

1. Monosaccaride (simplest kind of carbohydrate)
2. Disaccharide
3. Polysaccharide

Front 14

Name 3 groups of Lipids.

Back 14

1. Triglycerides
ex. fats, oils, and waxes
2. Phospholipids
3. Steroids

Front 15

Name the 4 levels of proteins

Back 15

1. Primary structure, describes the order of amino acids
2. Secondary stucture results from hydrogen bonding of amino acids
3. Tertiary stucture
4. Quarternary structure

Front 16

Nucleic acids are made from ________?

Back 16

Nucleotides

Front 17

Name the four DNA nucleotides

Back 17

Adenine
Thymine
Cytosine
Guanine

Front 18

DNA is a ____________ of nucleotides?

Back 18

Polymer

Front 19

Define Polymer

Back 19

A compound formed by combining or linking a number of monomers,or small molecules. A polymer may be composed of a variety of different monomers or of many units of the same monomer.

Front 20

RNA differs from DNA in

Back 20

Ribose is RNA sugar not deoxyribose.
Uracil is used not thyamine
RNA is usually single stranded not a double helix

Front 21

Define catalyst

Back 21

is any substance that accelerates a reaction but does not undergo a chemical change itself. Can be used over & over again

Front 22

Enzymes act as __________ for metabolic reactions.

Back 22

Catalysts

Front 23

In metabolism the breakdown of a substance is called?

Back 23

Catabolism

Front 24

The secondary structure of a protein is its three-dimentsional shape. TRUE OR FALSE

Back 24

TRUE

Front 25

Phospholipids are composed of a glycerol molecule and three fatty acids. TRUE OR FALSE

Back 25

FALSE

Front 26

When a substrate binds to an enzyme's active site, this interaction causes the enzyme to change shape. This example of how an enzyme works is called the ____________ model

Back 26

induced-fit