Cell Structure Study Guide

Front 1

Rough ER

Back 1

Transport System of the cell. Located around the Nucleus.

Front 2

Cytoplasm

Back 2

The watery protection that allows movement of organelles. Located everywhere.

Front 3

Smooth ER

Back 3

Regulates and releases calcium ions and toxins, also produces lipids involved in carbohydrate metabolism. Is located in the cytoplasm.

Front 4

Nucleolus

Back 4

Creates Ribosomes. Located inside Nucleus.

Front 5

Nucleus

Back 5

Control center of cell, where DNA is stored. Located in the center of the cell.

Front 6

Mitochondria

Back 6

Powerhouse of the cell. Has cellular respiration and converts food energy to Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP). Located in the cytoplasm.

Front 7

Golgi Apparatus

Back 7

Store, receive, package and release proteins transported to the vesicles. Located in multiple place throughout the cell.

Front 8

Ribosomes

Back 8

Synthesize proteins. Found throughout the cytoplasm and on the rough er.

Front 9

Cell Membrane

Back 9

Protects everything within the cell and controls what comes in/out of it. Located just within the cell wall.

Front 10

Vesicles

Back 10

Transport proteins from golgi apparatus. Located from the rough er to the golgi apparatus (they move around).

Front 11

Vacuoles

Back 11

Store water inside a plant cell. Found in the cytoplasm.

Front 12

Chloroplasts

Back 12

Store and produce food. Found in the cytoplasm.

Front 13

Cilia

Back 13

Move liquid past surface of a cell. Found on the outside of a cell.

Front 14

Flagellum

Back 14

Whip like tail used for movement. Located on the outside back end of prokaryotic cells and sometimes eukaryotic.

Front 15

Cell Wall

Back 15

Help support cell. Located on the outside exterior of the cell.

Front 16

Centrioles

Back 16

Help in cell division. Located in the cytoplasm of an animal cell.

Front 17

What are two ways you can tell a cell isn't a plant cell?

Back 17

Because it doesn't have a cell wall and it doesn't have chloroplasts.

Front 18

Difference between animal cells and plant cells

Back 18

Plant cells have chloroplasts, cell walls, and one vacuole. Animals don't have chloroplasts, cell walls, and have multiple vacuoles.

Front 19

What are cells called that have no nucleus and no organelles?

Back 19

Prokaryotic

Front 20

What are cells called that have a nucleus and organelles?

Back 20

Eukaryotic

Front 21

Example of Eukaryotic cells

Back 21

Plant and animal cells.

Front 22

Example of Prokaryotic cells

Back 22

Bacteria

Front 23

Lysosomes

Back 23

Remove trash within cell.

Front 24

Why is a cell membrane semi-permeable?

Back 24

Because molecules can move through them.

Front 25

What is the process of the term concentration gradient?

Back 25

Process of particles moving through a solution or gas from an area with more particles to an area with less.

Front 26

What kind of transport doesn't require energy?

Back 26

Passive transport.

Front 27

What is hypertonic?

Back 27

Means there is a greater concentration of solute molecules outside the cell rather than inside.

Front 28

Hypotonic?

Back 28

There is a lower concentration of solute molecules outside the cell than inside.

Front 29

Isotonic?

Back 29

There is the same amount of concentration of solute molecules inside and outside the cell.

Front 30

What does active transport require?

Back 30

Energy

Front 31

Three active transports?

Back 31

Endosytosis, exocytosis, and sodium-potassium pump.

Front 32

Activation Energy?

Back 32

Describes minimum energy which must be available to a chemical system with potential reactants.