Cell Division And Cell Cycle Part 2

Front 1

Meiotic Cell Division .. what is produced?

Back 1

Sex cells, or gametes

Front 2

meiotic includes how many rounds of nuclear division and what are the names?

Back 2

meiosis I and meiosis II

Front 3

Meiotic cell division results in how many daughter cells?

Back 3

four

Front 4

How many chromosomes do the daughter cells have in meioitic cell division

Back 4

half the number of chromosomes as the parent

Front 5

does DNA replication occur before or after prophase I

Back 5

occurs before

Front 6

prophase I (Meiosis I) : three steps

Back 6

1. replicated chromosomes condense -> two sister chromatids
2. synapsis: the homologous chromosomes pair with each other side by side gene for gene (unique to meiosis)
3. chiasmata within bivalents are visible crossovers between non-sister chromatids

Front 7

bivalent

Back 7

the result in synapsis.. a four stranded structure

Front 8

In Chiasmata, is there a cross over between sister chromatids or non-sister chromatids

Back 8

non-sister chromatids

Front 9

is there any nucleotrides gained or lost in chiasmata?

Back 9

no

Front 10

Meiotic Cell DivisionMeiosis I
Metaphase I

Back 10

bivalents move to metaphase plate- maternal and paternal homologues randomly distributed

Front 11

Meiotic Cell Division Meiosis I
Anaphase I

Back 11

homologous chromosomes separate ; centromeres do not split
reductional division

Front 12

Meiotic Cell division Meiosis I
telophase I

Back 12

two separate cell produced
genetically different

Front 13

is there any DNA syntehesis between Meiosis I and Meiosis II?

Back 13

no

Front 14

What is the result of Meiosis II

Back 14

four haploid cells, genetically different than parent cell

Front 15

Meiosis II
1.Prophase II
2. Metaphase II
3. Anaphase II
4. Telophse II

Back 15

1. The nuclear envelope breaks down and the chromosomes condense
2. chromosomes align in center of cell
3. sister chromatids separate
4. the nuclear envelope re-forms

Front 16

what is the product of Meiosis II

Back 16

four haploid cells genetically different than parent cell

Front 17

Look at comparison in textbook of Mitosis and Meiosis I and Meiosis II

Back 17

Table 11.1

Front 18

Cytoplasmic Division

Back 18

division of the cytoplasm, differs between males and females

Front 19

Sexual repproduction involves what two parts?

Back 19

meiotic cell division
fertilization

Front 20

meiotic cell division where does it occur

Back 20

occurs in ocaries and testes

Front 21

meiotic cell division what does it produce

Back 21

gametes, sperm and eggs

Front 22

how many chromosomes in humans do gametes have

Back 22

23 chromosomes

Front 23

fertilizaiton what does it do

Back 23

unites haploid gametes to produce diploid zygote

Front 24

fertilization what does it restore

Back 24

restores chromosome number

Front 25

Can cell division occur all the time?

Back 25

no, this can lead to cancer

Front 26

when is dna accurately replicated? which stage?

Back 26

s phase

Front 27

what if division occurs when cell isnt ready?

Back 27

abnormal daughter cells

Front 28

cyclical proteins

Back 28

bind to and activate cyclin-dependent kinases to control progression through the cell cycle

Front 29

enzymes in the cell cycle

Back 29

become active and inactive also in cycles, they are called cyclindependent kinases CDKs

Front 30

cyclins

Back 30

the proteins that appear and disappear cyclically, in cell cycle. activate the cyclinindependent kinases and cell division is promoted

Front 31

when are cyclin-dependent kinases active

Back 31

always present in the cell however; they are only active with the appropriate cyclin bond.
ex, G1/ S cyclin - CDk complex
S cyclin - CDK complex
M cyclin CDK complex

Front 32

In order to progress through cell cycle, which checkpoints must be passed first?

Back 32

DNA replication checkpoint
DNA damage checkpoint
Spindle assembly checkpoint

Front 33

p53.. what and in which checkpoint before the cell cycle would it be viewed in more detail in?

Back 33

when dna is damaged by radiation a specific protein kinase is activated that phosphrylates a protein called p53. this occurs in the DNA damage checkpoint

Front 34

virus

Back 34

protein assemblage surrounding core of RNA or DNA

Front 35

oncogene

Back 35

cancer-causing gene

Front 36

proto-oncogenes

Back 36

normal genes important in cell division tha thave the potential to become cancerous if mutated

Front 37

tumour suppressors

Back 37

encode proteins whose normal activities inhibit cell division

Front 38

tumour suppressors act in opposition to ___

Back 38

proto-oncogenes

Front 39

in order for cell division to occur, what are the two factors that it depends on

Back 39

proto-oncogenes -> on
tumour suppressor genes -? off