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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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From a pluripotent hematopoietic stem cell, where can things go?
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Proerythroblast
Myeloid Stem Cell Lymphoid Stem Cell |
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What is the differentiation process that ends w/ an RBC?
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Pluripotent stem cell
Proerythroblast Reticulocyte Erythrocyte |
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What is the differentiation process that ends w/ neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils?
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Pluripotent Stem Cell
Myeloid Stem Cell Myeloblast Split lineages (N, E, or B) Promyelocyte Myelocyte Metamyelocyte Stab (band) Cell N, E, or B |
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What is the differentiation process that ends w/ Monocytes?
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Pluripotent Stem Cell
Myeloid Stem Cell Monoblast Monocyte |
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What is the differentiation process that ends w/ platelets
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Pluripotent Stem Cell
Myeloid Stem Cell Megakaryoblast Megakaryocyte Platelet |
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What is the differentiation process that ends w/ Plasma cells?
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Pluripotent Stem Cell
Lymphoid Stem Cell Lymphoblast B cell plasma cell |
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What is the differentiation process that ends w/ Active T cells?
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Pluripotent Stem Cell
Lymphoid Stem Cell T-cell Active T cell |
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WBC differential from highest to lowest?
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Neutrophils
Lymphocytes Monocytes Eosinophils Basophils |
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Energy Source for RBC's?
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Glucose
90% anaerobically degraded to lactate 10% by HMP shunt |
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What is an increase in RBC's called?
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Erythrocytosis = Polycythemia
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what is anisocytosis? poikilocytosis?
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Anisocytosis = varying sizes
Poikilocytosis = varying shapes |
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What are the different types of Leukocytes?
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Granulocytes = basophils, eosinophils, neutrophils
Mononuclear Cells - lymphocytes, monocytes |
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Fxn of Basophils?
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Mediate Allergic Rxn
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Appearance of basophil?
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bilobate nucleus
densely basophilic granules |
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What is contained in the granules of a basophil?
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Heparin
Histamine Other vasoactive amines Leukotrienes (LTD-4) |
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Fxn of Mast Cells?
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Mediate allergic rxn
(esp type 1 hypersensitivity rxns) |
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Difference between mast cells and basophils?
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resemble each other, but basophils are in the blood and mast cells are in tissue and not the same cell type
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What do Mast cells use as mediators?
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Histamine
Heparin Eosinophil chemotactic factors Can bind IgE to membrane |
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What can be used to prevent mast cell degranulation?
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Cromolyn Sodium
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Fxn of Eosinophils?
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Defend against helminthic and protozoan infections
Highly phagocytic for Ag-Ab complexes |
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What enzymes do eosinophils contain?
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Produce Histaminase and Arylsulfatase (limit rxn following mast cell degranulation)
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What cause Eosinophilia? mnemonic
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NAACP
Neoplastic Asthma Allergic process Collagen vascular disease Parasites |
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Fxn of Neutrophils?
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Acute Inflammatory Response
Phagocytic |
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What % of WBC's are normally neutrophils?
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40-75%
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What do neutrophils use as enzymes/mediators?
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Hydrolytic enzymes
Lysozyme Myeloperoxidase Lactoferrin |
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When do you see hypersegmented neutrophils?
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B12 or Folate Def
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What do Monocytes look like?
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Large
Kidney shaped nucleus Frosted glass cytoplasm |
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Fxn of Monocytes?
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differentiate into macrophages in tissues
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What activates macrophages?
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gamma interferon
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Besides eating stuff, what else can macs do?
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fxn as APC's via MHC-II
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what do platelets contain?
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dense granules (ADP, Ca)
Alpha granules (vWF, fibrinogen) |
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Fxn of Dendritic Cells?
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Professional APC
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Mech of Dendritic cell fxn?
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MHC II and Fc receptor on surface
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Special type of Dendritic cells?
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Langerhans Cells are dendritic cells on the skin
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what are the majority of circulating lymphocytes?
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T-cells
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