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71 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
plasma
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the liquid part of blood
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formed elements
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cellular (RBC,WBC,and platelets) fraction of blood.
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acidosis
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condition in which there is an excessive proportion of acid in the blood and thus an abnormally low blood pH
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ABO system
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human blood classification system based on RBC antigens (A,B,AB,and O) and thier corresponding antibodies.
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antigens
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substance when intriduced into the body, causes formation of antibodies against it
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antibody
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substance produced by the body that destroys or inactivates a specific substance(antigen)that has entered the body.
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aggulutinate
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antibodies causing antigens to clump or stick together.
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What are the blood types
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type A
type B type AB type O |
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what is the universal donor?
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type O blood
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What is the universal recipient?
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type AB
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Rh-positive
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red blood cells that contain an antigen called Rh factor
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Rh-negitive
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red blood cells that do not contain the antigen called Rh-factor.
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erthroblastosis fetalis
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condition of the fetus or infant caused by the mother's Rh antibodies reacting with the baby's Rh positive RBCs, characterized by massive agglutination of the blood and resulting in life-threating circulatory problems
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Rh-system
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classification of blood based on the presence (Rh+) or absence (Rh-) of a unique antigen on the surface of RBC's
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RhoGAM
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an injection of a special protien given to an Rh negitive woman who is pregnant to prevent her body from forming anti-Rh antibodies: which may harm a Rh-positive baby.
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hematocrit
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volume % of blood cells in whole blood
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CBC
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complete blood count
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carbaminohemoglobin
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compound formed by the union of CO2 and hemoglobin
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oxyhemoglobin
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hemoglobin combined with O2
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hemoglobin
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iron-containing protien in red blood cells
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bone marrow transplant
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treatment in which healthy bone-forming marrow tissue from a donor is intravenously introduced into a recipent.
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lymphatic tissue
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tissue that is responsible for manufactoring lymphocytes and monocytes; found mostely in the lymph nodes, thymas and spleen
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thrombocytes
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also called platels; play a role in blood cloting
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leukocytes
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white blood cells
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erythrocytes
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red blood cells
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serum
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blood plasma minus its clotting factor, still contains antibodies.
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albumin
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one of several types of protiens normally found in blood plasma, it helps to thicken blood
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globulins
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type of plasma protien that includes antibodies
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plasma protien
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any of several proteins normally found in plasma; includes albumins, globulins and fibrinogens
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buffy coat
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thin layer of WBCs and platelets located between RBCs and plasma in a centrifuged sample of blood.
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polycythemia
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an excessive # of RBCs
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anemia
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deficient # of RBCs or deficient hemoglobin
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hemorrhagic anemia
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group of conditions characterized by low oxygen-carrying capacity of blood; caused by decreased RBC life span and/ or increased rate of RBC destruction
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aplastic anemia
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blood disorder characterized by a low RBC count, caused by the destruction of myeloid tissue in the bone marrow
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pernicious anemia
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Deficiency of RBCs caused by a lack of vitiam B12
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iron deficiency anemia
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condition in which there are inadequate levels of iron in the diet causing less hemoglobin to be produced; resulting in extreme fatigue
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hemolytic anemia
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any of a group of blood disorders characterized by deficient or abnormal hemoglobin that cause deformation and ffragiliy of RBCs(ex;sickle cell anemia,thalassemia)
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sickle cell anemia
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severs, possibly fatal, hereditary disease caused by abnormal type of hemoglobin
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thalassemia
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any of a group of inherited hemoglobin disorders characterized by production of hypochronic, abnormal red blood cells.
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neutrophils
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white blood cell that stains readily with neutral dye
have granulocytes |
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eosinophils
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white blood cell that is readily stained by eosin
have granulocytes |
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basophils
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white blood cell that stains readily with basic dyes
have granulocytes |
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lymphocytes
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one type of white blood cell
are agranulocytes |
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monocytes
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a phagocyte
are agranulocytes |
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leukopenia
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abnormal low WBC # in the blood
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leukocytosis
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abnorally high WBC # in the blood
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mast cells
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immune system cells(related to basophils) that secrete histamine and other inflammatory chemicals
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phagocytes
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WBC that engulf microbes and digest them.
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histamine
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chemical released by basophils and mast cells in allergic and inflammatory reactions; results in blood vessels vasodilation and bronchoconstriction
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macrophages
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phagocytic cells in the immune system
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lymphocytes
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one type of WBC
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plasm cells
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cells that secrete copious amounts of antibody into the blood
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lymphiod neoplasms
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abnormal proliferation of lymphoid tissue or lymphoid precursor cells often associated with cancerous transformation
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myeloid neoplasms
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abnormal proliferation of myeloid tissue or myeloid precursor cells often associated with cancerous transformation
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multiple myeloma
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cancer of the plasma cells
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leukemia
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blood cancer chariterized by an increase in WBCs
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chronic lymphocytic leukemia
(CLL) |
type of chronic(slow onset and progression) blood cancer most common in older adults; characterized by cancerous transformation and increased # of B lymphocytes
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acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL)
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type of acute (rapid onset and progression) blood cancer common in children 3-7 years of age; characterized by cancerous transformation and increased # of B lymphocytes
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chronic myeloid leukemia (CML)
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type of chronic (slow onset and progression) blood cancer charicterized by cancerous transformation and increased # of granulocytic WBCs
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acute myeloid leukemia
(AML) |
type of acute(rapid onset & progression) blood cancer common in children 3-7; characterized by cancerous transformation & increased # if B lymphocytes.
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infectious mononucleosis
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a viral WBS disorder common in young adults:characterize
by leukocytosis of atypical lymphocytes and severe fatigue |
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prothrombin activator
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combination of clotting factors & circulating plasma protiens that intiates conversion of prothrobin to thrombin in the clotting mechanism
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prothrombin
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a protien present in normal blood that is required for blood clotting
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thrombin
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protien important in blood clotting
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fibrinogen
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soluble blood protien that is converted to insolulbe fibrin durring clotting.
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fibrin
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insoluble protien in clotting
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T-lymphocyte
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cells that are critical to the function of the immune system; produce cell-mediated immunity
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B-lymphocyte
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activated B cells develop into plasma cells, which secete antibodies into the blood
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INR
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international normalized ratio
(the prothrombin time) |
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hemophilia
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any group of X-linked inherited blood clotting disorders caused by a failure to form clotting factors VIII,IX, or XI
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thrombocytopenia
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general term refering to an abnormally low blood platelet count
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