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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the four functions of blood?
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1. Transport many substances
2. Maintain fluid balance 3. Immunity 4. Protection (clot formation) |
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What are the four components of blood?
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1. RBC
2. Platelets 3. WBC 4. Plasma |
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What is the average number of RBC per mm3?
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4.2-6.2 million
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RBC are also known as?
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Erythroctyes
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What is the average number of platelets in the body?
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250-400 thousand per mm3
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What is the average number of leukocytes in the blood?
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5000-9000 per mm3
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What are the five types of leukocytes?
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1. Neutrophils
2. Eosinophils 3. Basophils 4. Monocytes 5. Lymphocytes |
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Plasma is NOT a formed element.. What is it?
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A colloid
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What are the three formed elements in the blood?
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1. RBC
2. Platelets 3. WBC |
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What are the components of plasma?
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H2O= 91%
Plasma proteins= 7% Misc substances= 2% |
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What are the three classes of plasma proteins?
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1. Albumins (58%)
2. Globulins (38%) 3. Fibrinogen (4%) |
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What does Albumin do?
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Maintain osmotic pressure of colloid. Regulate H2O flow in and out of blood. Transport fatty acids, bilirubin, and lipid soluble hormones.
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What does Globulin do?
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Play a role in immunity.
Important in blood typing. |
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What does Fibrinogen do?
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Important for blood clotting.
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What is hematopoiesis?
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Formed element production
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What is hematopoiesis called in embryo?
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Hemopoiesis
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Where does hematopoiesis occur?
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Mainly in red bone marrow.
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Most bone marrow is red in children, this means that _______.
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Lots of formed elements are being made.
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Where is red bone marrow located in adults?
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Ribs, sternum, pelvis, heads of femur and humerus, and the vertabrae.
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Stem cells that are precursors to blood cells are called _________.
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Hemocytoblasts
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Proerythroblasts can turn into _______.
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Erythrocytes
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Myeloblasts can become _______.
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Basophils, eosinophils, and neutrophils.
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Monoblasts can become _______.
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Monocytes
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Megakaryoblasts can become ___________.
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Platelets
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What is the primary function of RBC?
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To transport O2 to tissues
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What is the main component of RBC's?
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Hemoglobin
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How many molecules of hemoglobin are in one RBC?
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250,000
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What is the structure of hemoglobin?
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Polypeptide-
Four protein chains (globins) Four hemes Carbon rings surround an iron disc. |
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What preforms the main function of transporting O2?
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The heme
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Globin transports what percentage of CO2?
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23%
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7% of CO2 is transported by....
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Being dissolved in the plasma
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70% of CO2 is transported...
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As bicarbonate
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What makes CO so deadly?
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It binds irreversably to heme. Heme binds to CO preferentially over O2.
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What are the four characteristics of RBC?
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1. Gives blood its red color
2. Enucleated- Biconcave 3. Main component is hemoglobin. 4. Hematocrit values- 42-47% |
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What are the other components of RBC besides hemoglobin?
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ATP, lipids, and the enzyme carbonic anhydrase.
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The definition of hematocrit is?
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Measure of packed volume of RBC.
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