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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the embryonic germ layer origin of the gut tube lining? What is the origin of the tissue surrounding the gut lining?
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Lining = Endoderm
Around lining (tube) = Splanchnic Mesoderm |
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What is the arterial supply of the foregut? What structures comprise the foregut?
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Celiac Artery
Foregut = esophagus, stomcah, duodenum (first part and second part), pancreas, liver, gall bladder |
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What is the arterial supply of the midgut? What structures comprise the midgut?
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Superior Mesenteric Artery
Midgut = duodenum (distal 2nd part on onward), jejunum, ileum, cecum, appendix, ascending colon, hepatic flexure, transverse colon (proximal 2/3's) |
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What is the arterial supply of the hindgut? What structures comprise the hindgut?
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Inferior mesenteric artery
Transverse colon (distal 1/3), splenic flexure, descending colon, sigmoid colon, rectum |
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What is the cloaca in the developing embryo?
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"Sewer"--where everything gets dumped
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What is the foregut proper?
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Gut tube past diaphragm (in abdomen)
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Describe development of the stomach in the developing embryo.
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Ventral mesentary on ventral part of gut tube
Dorsal mesentary on dorsal part of gut tube Ventral mesentary spins to right Dorsal mesentary spins to left Vagal Branches rotate as well Ventral mesentary goes superior to form lesser omentum (over lesser curvature of stomach) Dorsal Mesentary stays inferior to become greater omentum (over greater curvature) |
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Discuss how the liver, gallbladder and pancreas arise during embryonic development.
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All arise from budding of gut tube within mesentaries
Hepatic bud, cystic diverticulum (gall bladder), and ventral pancreatic bud arise VENTRALLY Dorsal pancreatic bud arises DORSALLY Ventral Pancreatic bud gets tucked behind duodenum to join dorsal pancreatic bud. These buds then fuse to form a single pancreas. |
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Why might the pancreas have two ducts instead of one?
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Fusion of ventral and dorsal pancreatic buds during embryogenesis accounts for accessory duct
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What is the medical term for pancreatic choking? What is this condition and how does it arise?
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ANNULAR PANCREAS
Faulty spin of ventral pancreatic bad 'chokes' duodenum |
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What does the falciform ligament join? What is it a remnant of?
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Falciform ligament: joins liver to anterior body wall
Remnant of ventral mesentary |
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What is the embryonic origin of the spleen? Which mesentary does it form in?
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Mesoderm
Dorsal mesentary |
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What ligament joins the liver to the stomach?
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Hepatogastric
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What ligament joins the stomach to the spleen?
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Gastrosplenic
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What ligament joins the spleen to the left kidney?
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Splenorenal ligament
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On what side of the body would you encounter remnants of dorsal mesentary? Ventral?
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Dorsal: Left
Ventral: Right |
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How does the omental bursa form? AKA?
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Omental bursa = lesser sac
Greater omentum outpouches from dorsal stomach, hangs over transverse colon, and fuses to it. Creates a space behind the stomach and above the transverse colon. |
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Which mesentary does the greater omentum arise from?
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Dorsal mesentary
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Describe the embryonic development of the intestines.
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Umbilical Herniation: Midgut loop outpouches from gut tube into yolk stalk and rotates
Cecal diverticulum buds off of ileum (still in yolk stalk, need to get to lower R quadrant) More coiling; transverse colon goes over duodenum, cecum to lower right quadrant (now out of yolk stalk) |
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What is malrotation?
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Faulty rotation of intestines during development; cecum gets stuck in upper left quadrant and can pinch off gut tube
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What is Meckel's diverticulum?
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Yolk stalk doesn't seal off, leaves opening between umbilicus and ileum (which is dorsal to umbilicus); can result in fecal leakage
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