Biology Chapter 23

Front 1

compare and contrast aerobic and anaerobic respiration

Back 1

aerobic and anaerobic respiration are the processes by which animals make energy from the conversion of carbohydrates into water and carbon dioxide. aerobic respiration requires the presence of oxygen to produce ATP. anaerobic respiration can occur in the absensce of oxygen, but only produces 5% of the ATP as aerobic respiration and can lead to the build-up of lactic acid.

Front 2

aerobic respiration relation to photosynthesis

Back 2

respiration
glucose+ O2 --> H20 +CO2 + Energy
in photo co2 and h20 are used to produce energy (carbs) and oxygen.
respiration require carbs and oxygen to produce energy (stored as ATP) with the by product of CO2

Front 3

Law of Conservation of Matter

Back 3

Matter is neither gain nor lost in a chemical reaction, but that elements are only rearranged with an input or release of energy.

Front 4

Explain how earth can be considered a closed system and give an example from class/text which illustrate the effect of anthropogenic environmental contamination of human and animal health.

Back 4

Earth can be considered a closed system as most all of the elements here are cycled and thus manmade chemicals stay in the envionment, to be utilized again and agian.
missouri- men were experiencing low sperm count, which was most likely a result of the inputs of farm chemicals into the local drinking water.
Beluga whales have a very high cancer rate in the St.Lawrence Seaway. these cancers were linked to the interaction of the many chemicals to be found polluting this waterway. Although individually these chemicals may not cause cancer, their interaction could potentiall have serious consequences to wildlife.

Front 5

what are enzymes? and what are their properties?

Back 5

Enzymes are proteins that have complex structures allowing them to catalyze highly specific biological reactions. enzymes contain active sites that bind the compounds involved in the chemical reaction, substrates. Enzymes remain unchanged during the chemical reactions. an enzyme function can be affected by inhibitors which prevent the enzyme from binding the substrate normally.

Front 6

2 inhibitors of aerobic respiration tell how they inhibit and what is the end result to the organism

Back 6

hydrogen cyanide: competitive inhibitor for one of the enzymes responsible for the transfer of hydrogen to oxygen. It kills the same way as suffocation does.
carbon monoxcide: this exhause gas kills by disropting aeorobic respiration. It has the ability to displace oxygen from binding to hemoglobin. It is 200x stroger to hemoglobin than oxygen. it results in oxygen deprivation killing the organism.