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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Describe what a karyotype is and what its purpose is
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Picture of all the chromosomes in order used for finding major genetic diseases
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Define Homologous chromosomes
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Paired chromosomes with the same sequence of genes on them
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How many chromosomes do humans have
a. Total # of chromosomes b. Homologous pairs |
a. 46
b. 23 |
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Draw human Homologous chromosomes pair # 3 in
G1: S: |
G1:
S: |
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What is the purpose of
a. Mitosis/Cytokinesis: b. Meiosis: |
a. Create diploid copies of 1 parent cell
b. Create 2 identicle sex cells (haploid) |
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Define haploid & diploid & indicate standard way to note each condition
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Haploid: Cell with n(23) chromosomes ((1 version))
Diploid: Cell with 2n(46) chromosomes ((2 versions)) |
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Name at least 3 of the main ways mitosis differs from meiosis
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Mitosis: 1)creates body cells.. 2)Sister chromatids split in Ana1.. 3)Creates diploid cells
Meiosis: 1) Creates gametes.. 2) Homologous pairs separate in ana1.. 3)Creates haploid cells |
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Homozygous
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Organism w/ 2 of the same alleles for particular trait (TT/tt)
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Heterozygous
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Organism w/ 2 different alleles for a particular trait (Tt)
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Genotype
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Organisms allele pairs
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Phenotype
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Observable characteristics of an allele pair
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Alleles
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Alternative form of a single gene passed from generation to generation
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Dominant
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Allele that produces same phenotypic whether (Tt or TT)
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Recessive
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Condition that appears only in individuals with w/ 2 copies of allele (tt)
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Define:
a. P Generation b. F1 Generation c. F2 Generation |
a. parent generation (2 pure breeding plants)
b. Offspring of p generation c. Offspring of F1 generation |
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Explain Mendels law of segregation
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2 alleles for each trail separate during meiosis
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Explain Mendels law of independant assortment
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No 2 traits are tied together
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What is "crossing over" and when does it occur
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Chromosomal segments are exchanged between a pair of homologous chromosomes
(occurs during prophase 1) |
