Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
autosomes
|
chromosomes that are not directly linked to sex determination
|
|
|
codominance
|
a condition in which both genes of a heterozygote are expressed neither one of them being too dominant or too recessive. Both having an equal level of dominance
|
|
|
dominant allele
|
the allele that expresses itself in the individual
|
|
|
double factor cross
|
a genetic study where two geneticall different factors are followed from the passage to the parents to the offspring at the same time - the outcomes are more complex than the single factor ones
|
|
|
Fertilization
|
when the male sperm fertilizes a female egg
|
|
|
genetic cross
|
planned breeding or mating between two different types of organisms
|
|
|
genetics
|
the branch of science that studies how the characteristics of living organisms are inherited
|
|
|
genome
|
a set of all the genes necessary to code for all of an organisms' characteristics
|
|
|
genotype
|
the combination of all the alleles that are present in a particular organism's cell
|
|
|
heterozygous
|
having two different alleles for a single trait
|
|
|
Homozygous
|
having identical alleles for a single trait
|
|
|
incomplete dominance
|
a form of inheritance where one type of allele is not completely dominant over another allele for the same trait and it results in a combined phenotype
Ex: a red flower and a white flower blending to make a pink flower |
|
|
Law of Dominance
|
some alleles act dominant and some alleles act recessive and that's what makes recessive and dominant alleles
ex: if a red flower and yellow flower breed and the red flower is more dominant they are more likely to have red flowers than yellow flowers |
|
|
Law of Independent Assortment
|
allele pairs separate during the forming of gametes so the traits are given off independently
Ex: the plants with either the yellow pea pods or green pea pods |
|
|
Law of Segregation
|
alleles seperate during gamete formation and that the cell information is on two seperate chromosomes and those seperate during mitosis
ex: a person with brown eyes can have a child with brown eyes or blue eyes |
|
|
Mendelian Genetics
|
The pattern of inheritance that was formed by Gregor Mendel
|
|
|
Monohybrid Cross
|
a cross between organisms that are heterozygous for the same gene
|
|
|
Multiple Alleles
|
situations where there are more than two possible alleles that can control a trait like blood type
|
|
|
offspring
|
the child of two parental units
|
|
|
phenotype
|
the way an organism appears outwardly as a result of it's genotype
|
|
|
polygenic inheritance
|
a number of different alleles combine to determine a characteristic like skin color
|
|
|
A punnett square
|
a diagram that is drawn to show the possible offspring for a particular genetic cross
|
|
|
recessive allele
|
an allele that is not as strong as the dominant allele so it is less likely to show up in an organisms genotype and phenotype
|
|
|
sex chromosomes
|
what controls the sex of an organism
|
|
|
single factor cross
|
something that is designed to look at how one genetic factor is inherited
|
|
|
X-linked genes
|
a gene located on the x-chromosome
|
|
|
Y-linked genes
|
a located on the y-chromosome
|
