Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Induced fit model
|
Active Site and Substrate not compementary
Active site is flexible so changes shape Change in shape allows Enzyme-sub complex to form |
|
|
Repeating results allows....
|
Identify anomalies
A more reliable mean to be calculated |
|
|
Transmittion and course of tuberculosis infection
|
Mycobacterium tuberculosis trasmited in droplets.
Bacteria engulphed by phagocytes Bacteria encased in tubercule Bacteria dormant When immunosupressed bacteria are active again Bacteria destroy alveoli Leads to fibrosis (scar tissue) This increases diffusion distance |
|
|
Solutes in the lumen
|
Lower water potential in the gut
water leaves epithelial cells by osmosis |
|
|
Control group used for...
|
Compareing results
See the effect of the drug/whatever else See if effect due to something else in tablet |
|
|
Good things about vaccinations
|
Prevents the disease occuring
Cheaper to accinate than treat disease Disease destroyed in those vaccinated, so stops spread of the disease |
|
|
Problems with vacccinations
|
Vacccinations are costly
Don't know is research done in mice will repliacate in humans Individuals may develop disease being vaccintaed against straight away if immune system to weak May make people test posotive for that disease Pathogen may mutate frequantly, so antigens change suddenly and vaccination no longer effective |
|
|
risk factor
|
Something that increases the chance of something happening
|
|
|
Structures of a prokaryotic cell (bacteria)
|
Capsule (slime layer)
plasmid Flagellum 70s ribosomes call wall made of peptidoglyclan Pillus |
|
|
Mitochondria
|
Site of aerobic respiration to produce ATP and so provide energy
|
|
|
Enzyme question comes up
|
Active site specific shape
Shape complenatery to sub, so bind to sub This forms enzyme sub complexes |
|
|
Why use healthy people in investigation
Why use people of same age |
They tend to have normally fuctioning body parts
Age affects ________ (thing being tested) |
|
|
Question about enzymes
|
Think Active sites
|
|
|
xm=1000xmm=1,000,000xum
|
0.1m=100mm=100,000um
|
|
|
Monoclonal antibodies
|
Antibodies produced from a single clone of B cells/ single B cell
|
|
|
Is a graph levels out. it can be said to have
|
Plateaued or is constant
|
|
|
If asked to evaluate claim
|
Give 1 reason for, 1 against then find issues with the experiment i.e Only one investigation/test/need more studies;
|
|
|
If a graph fall then levels out, say...
|
graph decreases between x and y and then no further dercease due to no further ______ (factor from Question).
|
|
|
Consider when giving drug
|
Dose to be given
Any (serious) side effects How effective Cost of drug |
|
|
TEM
|
Focused beam of Electrons
Higher reolution 2-D image Sample must be v. thin Artefacts due to staining process |
|
|
SEM
|
Scans with electrons
Lower resolution Can be done on thicker sample 3-D image Artefacts due to staining |
|
|
Sucrose
Maltose Lactose |
Alpha glucose and fructose
2x alpha glucose alpha glucose and galactose |
|
|
Dont mix up describe and EXPLAIN
|
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
|
|
|
If question gives you text about something (penultamate Q) and asks a question about something on a particular line....
|
Refer to it in context of question
|
|
|
Atheromas
|
fatty materials and LDL, in wall of artery (under endothelium of artery)
Blocks coronary artery, Less oxygen/glucose to heart muscle/cells/tissue so Reduces/prevents respiration so casues myocardical infarction |
