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59 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Tissue
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group of cells with a specialized function
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Organ
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A group of tissue that carry out a function.
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What do plants absorb below ground and Above ground?
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Below Ground =Water and minerals
Above Ground = CO2 and light |
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What are the three basic parts of a plant?
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Root
Stems Leaves |
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What are the 2 systems of a plant?
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Root System and shoot system
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A Leaf is made of ________ and _______.
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Blade and petiole
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what is between two nodes?
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Internode
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what are at the end of growing shoots?
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apical bud
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what type shoots have:
Flower Leaves |
has Flower = Reproductive shoot
Leaves = Vegetative shoot |
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how is sugar produced in plants?
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photosynthesis
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What are the 2 groups of angiosperm?
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Monocots and Eudicots
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What are the root types for:
Eudicot Monocot |
Eudicot = taproot
Monocot =fibrous |
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Root absorption happens at __________/
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Root hairs
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name 5 special roots
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Prop Roots
Storage Roots Strangling, aerial roots Buttress roots Pneumatophores |
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Axillary bud
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has potential to form a lateral shoot
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apical bud
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at shoot tip
elongates a shoot with growth |
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apical dominance
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Apical control dormancy of axillary buds
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name 4 Modified stems
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Rhizomes
storage leaves=onion Stolons Tubers=potato |
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Leave vein patterns in;
Monocots Eudicots |
Monocots=parallel veins
Eudicots=branching veins |
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Name 5 Special Leaves
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Tendrils
spines storage leaves reproductive leaves bracts |
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What are the 3 tissue types of plants?
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Dermal Tissue
Ground Tissue Vascular Tissue |
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Vascular bundles are called..
Made of ______, _____. |
Stele
Made o f Xylem, phloem |
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Nonwoody plants have a Dermal tissue system made of....
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Epidermis, and cuticle
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Woody plants have a ____________.
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Periderm
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Vascular system is made of _______ and ______.
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xylem and phloem
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Ground Tissue is made of
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Pith and Cortex
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Name the 5 major plant cells:
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Parenchyma
collenchyma Sclerenchyma Water-conducting cells of the xylem Sugar-conducting cells of the Phloem |
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Parenchyma Cells
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Perform metabolic functions.
Can Divide and differentiate one cell wall |
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Collenchyma Cells
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Flexible support of young plant shoots
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Sclerenchyma Cells
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2 Walls
Dead at maturity |
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Water Conducting cells of Xylem
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Tracheids and Vessel element
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Sugar-Conducting Cells of the Phloem
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Sieve-tube elements
Sieve plates Companion cells |
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Indeterminate growth
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some plants can grow throughout its life
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meristems
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Contain Stemcells
Can allow indeterminate growth |
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Apical Meristems
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tips of shoots
Primary growth |
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Lateral Meristem
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Vascular Cambium
Cork Cambium |
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Flowering plants, life cycle categories
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Annuals
Biennials Perennials |
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name the 3 zones behind the root cap
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Zones of:
-Cell division -Elongation -Differentiation |
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Configuration of Xylem and Phloem of roots in:
-Eudicots -Monocots |
-Eudicots = Star Like
-Monocots = Ring |
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Endodermis
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the innermost layer of the cortex
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Pericycle
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the outermost layer of the vascular cylinder
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Leaf primordia
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Develop into leaves
sides of apical meristem. |
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Vascular organization in stems for;
-Eudicots -Monocots |
-Eudicots = circular
-Monocots = scattered |
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Vascular organization of stem/roots for Eudicots
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Stem = circular
Roots = star |
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Stomata
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on leaf for CO2 and O2 exchange
Guard Cells |
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Guard Cells
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Open and close
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ground tissue of leaves is
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Mesophyll
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Mesophyll of Eudicots have 2 layers
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Palisade
Spongy |
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Primary growth
Secondary Growth |
Primary growth = height
Secondary Growth = width |
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Vascular Cambium
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Cylinder of meristems
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Dendrochronology
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Analysis of tree rings
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1 Secondary Xylem
-___________ -___________ 2 Vascular Cambium 3 Bark -___________ -___________ |
1 Secondary Xylem
-Heartwood -sapwood 2 Vascular Cambium 3 Bark -phloem -Periderm |
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Morphogenesis
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Development of body form and organization
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Polarity
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strucural or chemical differences at opposite ends
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Fast Cheap growth in plants is achieved by
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storage of water in vacuoles
squeezing cellulose microfibers |
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Fate of cell is determined by 2 hypotheses.
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Lineage-based Mechanism
Position-based mechanism |
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Cellular differentiation depends on
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gene expression
positional info through cell interactions |
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Phase Changes in plants
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Adult phase
Juvenille |
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PLant gene that organizes formation , like animal HOX gene
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Organ identity genes
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