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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Who is the father of Genetics
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Gregory Mendel
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What did Mendel conduct his experiments on?
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The Pea Plant
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What is a Monohybrid cross
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The parent plants only differ in only one character
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What is a Dihybrid cross
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Mating of parental varieties differ in two characters
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What is a True Breeding plant
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Breed true generation after generation
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What conclusions did Mendel come too?
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1. Characteristics are controlled by “factors”
2. Each characteristic controlled by a pair of factors, one from each parent 3. Factors exist in different forms 4. If the two factors are the same, the individual is homozygous; if different, heterozygous |
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Phonotypical dominant (PP or Pp) how do you find out if it is Homozygous or heterozygous?
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Cross it with its recessive and a phenotypically Recessive (pp)
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Law of segregation of alleles or Mendel’s principle of segregation: (also called the 1st law)
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the two alleles for character separate from each other during the production of gametes
Dipliod organisms have a pair of alleles for each traits that segregate from one another during meiosis and pass into different gametes, so that each gamete formed gets only one allele. |
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Dihybrid cross F2 ratio:
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9:3:3:1
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Law of independent assortment or Mendel’s principle of independent assortment: (also called the 2nd law)
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Each pair of alleles segregates independently of the other pairs of alleles during gamete formation ( inheritance of one character has no effect on the inheritance of another).
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Family Pedigree
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Genetic History of a family charting the inheritance of traits across many generations
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7 Steps to making out inheritance for diagram question
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1. Phenotype 2.Genotype 3.Gametes 4.Pundent Square 5.All info in Square 6.No or Yes in the Square 7. Answer to the question (ratio)
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Incomplete dominance:
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F1 hybrids fall between the phenotypes of two parents.
-The heterozygote has a phenotype that is intermediate between the dominant and recessive phenotypes. |
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Incomplete dominance in plants?
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snapdragons
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Incomplete dominance in humans
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hypercholesterolemia
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Co-dominance
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Both alleles are expressed in heterozygous individuals.
Blood type in humans (ABO) |
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Pleiotropy:
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A single gene is responsible for the expression of two or more characteristics
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Polygenic inheritance:
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Has all the genetic inheritance of parents
Eye color, skin color |
