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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Energy |
The capacity to cause change |
Change |
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Kinetic Energy |
Energy of motion |
Kinetic |
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Potential energy |
Stored energy |
Location |
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Conservation of energy |
Not possible to destroy/create energy |
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Heat |
Type of kinetic energy contained in motion of atoms/molecules |
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Energy conversion |
Generates heat |
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Entropy |
Measure of disorder/randomness in a system |
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Entropy increase |
When energy converts from one form to another |
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Chemical energy |
Type of potential energy from arrangement of atoms and released by chemical reaction |
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Cellular respiration |
Energy-releasing chem. breakdown of fuel molecules and storage of energy in a form a cell can use to work |
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ATP |
Adenosine triphosphate -organic molecule called adenosine plus 3 phosphate groups -Broken down to ADP + phosphate group to release energy |
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Phosphate transfer |
ATP transfers phosphate groups to molecules for energy Helps change cell shape Enable transport of ions and dissolved substances Drives production of cell molecules |
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Metabolism |
Total of all chemical reactions in organism |
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Enzymes |
Proteins that speed up chemical reactions w/o being consumed by the reaction |
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Activation energy |
Energy that must be invested to start a reaction by: Activating reactants Triggering a chemical reaction Is also lowered by enzymes to enable quicker metabolism occurrence |
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Substrate |
Reactant molecule for enzyme |
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Active site |
Has shape and chemistry to fit substrate molecule |
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Induced fit |
When substrate fits in enzyme's active site |
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Diffusion |
Movement of molecules spreading out evenly |
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Passive transport |
Diffusion of substance across a membrane w/o energy |
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Concentration gradient |
High concentration to low |
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Facilitated diffusion |
Type of passive transport via proteins |
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Osmosis |
Diffusion of water across permeable membrane |
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Solute |
Substance dissolved in liquid solvent |
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Hypertonic solution |
Higher concentration of solute Cells shrink |
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Hypotonic solution |
Lower concentration of solute Cells blow up |
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Isotonic solution |
Equal concentration of solute Cells are normal |
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Osmoregulation |
Control of water balance |
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Active transport |
Cells use energy to move substances |
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Exocytosis |
Movement of materials out of cell |
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Endocytosis |
Cell takes in substances |
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Phagocytosis |
Cellular eating Cell engulfs particle in food vacuole |
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