Bio Test 2

Front 1

C4 plants have

Back 1

4 carbon compounds, all others have C3 (First sugar made is 3 carbon sugar)

Front 2

These minimize cost of photo respiration

Back 2

C4 plants

Front 3

Mesophiles exposed to the outside will convert to

Back 3

C4

Front 4

These allow transportation during photosynthesis

Back 4

Pores

Front 5

Net release of free energy- spontaneous chemical reaction

Back 5

exergonic

Front 6

Non spontaneous reaction, absorbs energy

Back 6

endergonic

Front 7

when this releases more energy, it is more unstable. Further from the center of the earth it is, the more it uses

Back 7

free energy

Front 8

Amount of energy that reactants must absorb before chemical reactions will start

Back 8

activation energy

Front 9

set of metabolic pathways which break down molecules into smaller unites and release energy- breaks them apart

Back 9

Catabolism

Front 10

Set of metabolic pathways that construct molecules from smaller units. (Puts stuff together)

Back 10

Anabolism

Front 11

Series of chemical reactions occuring within a cell

Back 11

Metabolic pathways

Front 12

ATP

Back 12

Adenosine Triphosphate

Front 13

___is a renewable resource and can be regenerated by addition of phosphate to _____

Back 13

ATP, ADP

Front 14

Begins to dissapear in prophase

Back 14

Nucleoli

Front 15

takes place in the matrix of the mitochondrian

Back 15

citric acid cycle

Front 16

pyruvate from glycolosis is converted into acetyl COA, which links glycolisis to ___ ___ ___

Back 16

citric acid cycle

Front 17

Where does light reaction take place?

Back 17

cholorplasts

Front 18

when a pigment absorbs light, it goes from a ground state to an excited state which makes it ___

Back 18

unstable

Front 19

Light reactions convert light into:

Back 19

ATP and NADPH in photosystems

Front 20

Uses ATP and NADPH to convet Co2 to sugar

Back 20

Calvin Cycle

Front 21

Three phases of calvin cycle are:

Back 21

Carbon fixation, Reduction, and Regeneration of the Co2 acceptor

Front 22

Out of the calvin cycle, you get a return of

Back 22

ADP, Inorganic Phosphate and NADP+ to the light reactions

Front 23

Light reactions produce

Back 23

O2

Front 24

Calvin Cycle produces

Back 24

CH2O (sugar)

Front 25

Chemiosmosis

Back 25

Hydorgren ions are pumped out, causing gradient to be differnt. Hydrogen ions go back down to where they came from,, which is across the membrane of the mitochondrian. This is done along the electron transport chain.

Front 26

This is a catalytic protein

Back 26

Enzyme

Front 27

The active site can lower an EA barrier by:

Back 27

orienting substrates correctly, straining substrate bonds, providing a favorable microenvironment, covalent bonding to the substrate

Front 28

Somatic cells

Back 28

sperm and ova

Front 29

Homologous chromosomes

Back 29

similar, same DNA

Front 30

Tetrad

Back 30

happen during 1st meiotic metaphase

Front 31

Chiasmata

Back 31

regions of crossing over= chromatid and two diff. chromosomes

Front 32

Transportation of protons. Transports protons from an area of high concentration, to an area of low concentration, in terms of free H2) molecules. (essay)

Back 32

CHEMIOSMOSIS

Front 33

3 stages of cell respiration-detail

Back 33

1. Ligand enters through receptor, 2. goes through transduction phase, 3. response- depends on what cells future is- new activation or death. (apotysos)

Front 34

cell plate

Back 34

plant cells only-in between two daughter cells

Front 35

cytokinesis

Back 35

divides plasma

Front 36

Karyotype

Back 36

ordered arrangement of chromosomes during metaphase stage

Front 37

Protons pumped in or out, following chemiosmosis, enzyme makes ATP

Back 37

Energy Trans. Chain

Front 38

131anotherfucker

Back 38

1 ATP 1NADH 1 FADH2 per turn- citric acid cycle

Front 39

Grana

Back 39

Light reaction takes place

Front 40

Stroma

Back 40

carbon cycle *(dark cycle)

Front 41

Diff between mitotic and meiotic stages:

Back 41

Mitosis looks the same as, it has the exact replica cells.