Bio Chapter 13

Front 1

Asexual reproduction

Back 1

produces offspring genetically identical to the parent

Front 2

Asexual reproduction occurs during

Back 2

mitosis

Front 3

Meiosis II is similar to mitosis in that

Back 3

sister chromatids separate during anaphase

Front 4

A human cell containing 22 autosomes and a Y chromosome is

Back 4

a sperm

Front 5

Define genome

Back 5

the complete set of an organism's genes and other DNA sequences

Front 6

Quaking aspen can send out underground stems for asexual reproduction. Sexual reproduction is not as common, but when it does happen, the haploid gametes have 19 chromosomes. How many chromosomes are in the cells of the underground stems?

Back 6

38

Front 7

How are sister chromatids and homologous chromosomes different from each other?

Back 7

Homologous chromosomes contain the same gene loci but may have different alleles of a particular gene. Sister chromatids are identical copies of each other produced during DNA replication.

Front 8

Homologous chromosomes move toward opposite poles of a dividing cell during

Back 8

meiosis I

Front 9

This chromosome has two chromatids, joined at the centromere. What process led to the formation of the two chromatids?

Back 9

The two chromatids were formed by duplication of a chromosome.

Front 10

Is the cell diploid or haploid

Back 10

Diploid

Front 11

In a plant's sexual life cycle what do gametophytes produce?

Back 11

Gametes

Front 12

Diploid plant (sporophyte) produces, by meiosis, a spore that gives rise to a multicellular, haploid pollen grain (gametophyte).

What is this an example of?

Back 12

alternation of generations

Front 13

Identify all possible products of meiosis in plant and animal life cycles

Back 13

Spores

Gametes

Front 14

If a horticulturist breeding gardenias succeeds in having a single plant with a particularly desirable set of traits, which of the following would be her most probable and efficient route to establishing a line of such plants?

Back 14

Clone the plant

Front 15

What is the best evidence telling you whether this cell is diploid or haploid?

Back 15

The cell is diploid because it contains two sets of chromosomes.

Front 16

What is a karyotype

Back 16

organized images of a cells chromosomes

Front 17

What number and types of chromosomes are found in a human somatic cell?

Back 17

44 autosomes and 2 sex chromosomes

Front 18

Homologous chromosomes purpose

Back 18

carry information for the same traits

Front 19

If the DNA content of a diploid cell in the G1 phase of the cell cycle is x, then the DNA content of the same cell at metaphase of meiosis I would be

Back 19

2x

Front 20

What is crossing over?

Back 20

the exchange of homologous portions of nonsister chromatids

Front 21

Mitosis results in the formation of how many cells; meiosis results in the formation of how many cells

Back 21

two diploid cells ... four haploid cells

Front 22

In alternation of generations, what is the diploid stage of a plant that follows fertilization called?

Back 22

sporophyte

Front 23

For what purposes might a karyotype be prepared?

Back 23

for prenatal screening, to determine if a fetus has the correct number of chromosomes

to determine whether a fetus is male or female

to detect the possible presence of chromosomal abnormalities such as deletions, inversions, or translocations

Front 24

Meiosis I produces _____ cells, each of which is _____

Back 24

two ... haploid

Front 25

Meiosis II typically produces _____ cells, each of which is _____

Back 25

four ... haploid

Front 26

What takes place here?

Back 26

prophase II

Front 27

What takes place here?

Back 27

anaphase II

Front 28

What takes place here?

Back 28

telophase II and cytokinesis

Front 29

During _____ sister chromatids separate

Back 29

anaphase II

Front 30

What take place here?

Back 30

telophase I and cytokinesis

Front 31

At the end of _____ and cytokinesis, haploid cells contain chromosomes that each consist of two sister chromatids

Back 31

telophase I

Front 32

What takes place here?

Back 32

prophase I

Front 33

What takes place here?

Back 33

metaphase II

Front 34

What takes place here?

Back 34

metaphase I

Front 35

Synapsis occurs during _____

Back 35

prophase I

Front 36

Homologous chromosomes migrate to opposite poles during _____

Back 36

anaphase I

Front 37

During _____ chromosomes align single file along the equator of a haploid cell

Back 37

metaphase II

Front 38

What takes place here?

Back 38

metaphase I

Front 39

At the end of _____ and cytokinesis there are four haploid cells

Back 39

telophase II

Front 40

During _____ a spindle forms in a haploid cell

Back 40

prophase II

Front 41

What takes place here?

Back 41

interphase

Front 42

Human gametes are produced by

Back 42

meiosis

Front 43

Normal human gametes carry _____ chromosomes

Back 43

23

Front 44

Which of these cells are haploid?

Back 44

C and D

Front 45

A diploid organism whose somatic cells each contain 32 chromosomes produces gametes containing _____ chromosomes

Back 45

16