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55 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Occipitofrontalis (Epicranus) |
a thin sheet covering the anterior frontal bone and back of skull O/I: aponeurosis that extends over top of skull; attaches to superior nuchal lines and to soft tissue of eyebrows A: wrinkles forehead and raises eyebrows |
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Levator labii superioris |
paired muscles on either side of nose O: lower margin of orbit above the infraorbital foramen I: skin and muscle of upper lip A: raises upper lip as in a snarl; flares nostrils in disgust |
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Levator palpebrae superioris |
a small muscle located within the upper eyelids O: lesser wing of sphenoid bone I: connective tissue of upper eyelid A: raises upper eyelid (as in surprise) |
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Orbicularis oculi |
a sphincter circumscribing each orbit O: medial margin of orbit I: skin around eyelid A: closes eyelids as in blinking and squinting |
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Zygomaticus major |
this muscle extends from zygomatic bone to corner of mouth O: zygomatic bone I: orbicularis oris muscle at corners of mouth A: draws angles of mouth up, as in smiling and laughing |
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Orbicularis oris |
a complicated multilayered muscle that surrounds the mouth O: mandible and maxilla I: soft tissues at corners of mouth A: closes lips, as in pouting (the kissing muscle) |
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Buccinator |
a horizontal muscle of the cheek; the principle cheek muscle O: alveolar process of mandible and maxillary bone I: orbicularis oris, deep muscles around mouth A: compresses cheek (produces sucking, whistling, and blowing actions) |
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Platysma |
a sheet-like muscle that covers anterior and lateral parts of neck O: upper thorax between cartilage of 2nd rib and acromion of scapula I: mandible and muscles around mouth, chin, jaw A: tenses skin of neck, depresses mandible (expression of horror) |
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Temporalis |
a fan-shaped muscle on side of head O: superior and inferior temporal lines of parietal bone I: coronoid process of mandible A: raises mandible (one of the muscles of mastication); chewing; maintains position of mandible at rest |
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Masseter |
the most powerful chewing muscle; located on side of the head O: zygomatic arch I: angle and ramus of mandible A: raises mandible |
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Sternocleidomastoid |
a 2-headed muscle that runs diagonally below and along margins of jaw O: 2 heads; one on manubrium, second on medial clavicle I: mastoid process of temporal bone A: together they flex neck; alone rotates and bends head laterally |
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Sternohyoid |
a superficial muscle lateral to larynx and posteror to the sternocleidomastoid O: clavicle and manubrium I: hyoid bone A: depresses hyoid bone and the larynx |
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Rectus abdominis (tendinous inscriptions) |
a superficial medial muscle layer on wall of abdomen O: superior surface of pubis near symphysis I: inferior surfaces of costal cartilages and xiphoid process A: depresses ribs, flexes vertebral column |
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External oblique |
the largest and most superficial of three muscle layers on abdominal wall O: external surfaces of lower 8 ribs I: linea alba and anterior half of iliac crest A: compresses abdomniopelvic cavity, assists in flexing and rotating vertebral column |
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Internal oblique |
this muscle lies immediately under the external oblique O: iliac crest, lumbodorsal ligament I: linea alba, pubic crest, lower 4 ribs A: compresses abdominopelvic cavity, assists in flexing and rotating vertebral column |
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Transversus abdominus |
the innermost muscle of abdominal wall O: iliac crest, costal catrtilage of lower 6 ribs, thoraco-lumbar fascia I: linea alba and pubic crest A: compresses abdominopelvic cavity |
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Diaphragm |
a dome-shaped muscle separating thoracic from abdominal cavities O: xiphoid process, inner surfaces of lower 6 ribs, lumbar vertebrae I: central tendon of diaphragm A: increases volume of thoracic cavity, causing inspiration |
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Trapezius |
a large triangular muscle over the upper shoulder and back of trunk O: occipital bone, ligamentum nuchae, spinous process of thoracic vertebrae I: outer third of clavicle, scapular spine and acromion A: variable: adducts, raises, and rotates the scapula |
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Rhomboideus major |
a large muscle beneath the trapezius O: spinous process of thoracic vertebrae I: vertebral border of scapula A: adducts and rotates the scapula |
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Deltoid |
a thick, multipennate muscle; principle muscle of shoulder O: lateral 1/3 of clavicle, acromion process and spine of scapula I: deltoid tuberosity of humerus A: abducts arm |
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Pectoralis major |
a thick fan-shaped muscle covering upper part of chest O: medial 1/2 of clavicle, body of sternum, cartilages ribs 2 - 6 I: intertubercular sulcus of humerus A: flexes, adducts, medially rotates arm |
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Pectoralis minor |
a flat, thin muscle deep to the pectoralis major O: ventral surface of ribs 3 - 5 I: coracoid process of scapula A: draws scapula forward and down, with some rotation |
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Serratus anterior |
this muscle covers upper and lateral surfaces of ribs O: outer surface of ribs 1 through 9 I: ventral surface of scapula near vertebral border A: pulls scapula forward and toward chest wall; protects shoulder |
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Latissimus dorsi |
a broad, flat, triangular muscle covering lumbar area of the back O: ribs 8 - 12; spinous processes of lower thoracic and lumbar vertebrae I: intertubercular groove of humerus A: extends, adducts, medially rotates arm |
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Supraspinatus |
an upper shoulder muscle completely covered by trapezius and deltoid O: supraspinous fossa of scapula I: greater tubercle of humerus A: abducts arm |
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Infraspinatus |
a lower shoulder muscle completely covered by trapezius and deltoid O: infraspinous fossa of scapula I: greater tubercle of humerus A: lateral rotation and slight adduction of humerus |
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Biceps brachii |
a large, 2-headed muscle on anterior surface of humerus O: long head on supraglenoid tubercle of scapula, short head on coracoid process of scapula I: radial tuberosity A: flexes and supinates forearm |
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Triceps brachii |
the only muscle on back surface of upper arm; it is 3-headed O: long head on infraglenoid tubercle of scapula, middle and lateral heads on posterior surface of humerus I: olecranon process of ulna A: extends forearm |
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Coracobrachialis |
a small, cylindrical muscle under biceps brachii O: coracoid process of scapula I: medial margin of humerus A: adducts and flexes humerus |
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Brachialis |
a strong muscle under biceps brachii, on distal anterior surface of humerus O: anterior surface of distal half of humerus I: ulnar tuberosity A: flexes forearm |
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Brachioradialis
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a superficial muscle on lateral surface of forearm O: lateral epicondyle of humerus I: styloid process of radius A: flexes forearm |
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Pronator teres |
a 2-headed muscle; runs diagonally from elbow O: medial epicondyle of humerus and coronoid process of ulna I: distal lateral surface of radius A: pronates forearm |
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Flexor carpi radialis |
this muscle extends diagonally across the anterior part of the forearm from the end of the humerus to the hand O: medial epicondyle of humerus I: ventral surface of 2nd and 3rd metacarpals A: flexes and abducts the hand |
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Palmaris longus |
a small, fleshy muscle with a long insertion tendon; medial to flexor carpi radialis O: medial epicondyle of humerus I: palmar aponeurosis A: flexes hand |
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Flexor carpi ulnaris |
a 2-headed muscle medial to palmaris longus O: medial epicondyle of humerus and olecranon process of ulna I: pisiform, hamate and base of 5th metacarpal A: extends and adducts hand |
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Extensor digitorum |
a large muscle that lies lateral to the extensor carpi ulnaris O: lateral epicondyle of humerus I: dorsal surface of phalanges of 2nd through 5th fingers A: extend fingers (except thumb) and hand |
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Extensor carpi radialis brevis |
a small rather deep muscle lateral to the extensor digitorum O: lateral epicondyle of humerus I: base of the 3rd metacarpal A: extends and abducts hand |
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Extensor carpi radialis longus |
a large narrow muscle partially covering the extensor carpi radialis brevis O: lateral ridge of humerus I: base of 2nd metacarpal A: extends and abducts hand |
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Gluteus maximus |
a large superficial muscle of buttocks region; forms bulk of buttocks O: iliac crest, sacrum, coccyx I: gluteal tuberosity of femut and iliotibial tract A: extends and laterally rotates thigh |
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Gluteus medius |
this muscle lies immediately under gluteus maximus O: external surface of ilium I: greater trochanter of femur A: abducts and medially rotates thigh |
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Tensor fascia latae |
a small lateral upper thigh muscle O: iliac crest, anterior superior iliac spine I: iliotibial tract A: flexes thigh, rotates thigh medially |
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Psoas major |
this muscle is best located deep within the body cavity against lower vertebrae O: transverse processes of T12 - L5 I: lesser trochanter of femur A: flexes and laterally rotates thigh |
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Sartotius |
a long, thin, strap-like muscle; runs diagonal over anterior thigh O: anterior superior iliac spine I: medial tibial surface A: flexes leg, flexes and laterally rotates thigh |
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Rectus femoris |
one of the quadriceps muscle; superficial and central O: anterior inferiror iliac spine above acetabulum I: tibial tuberosity A: extends leg, flexes thigh |
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Vastus intermedius |
a quadriceps muscle; deep muscle of quads, on anterior surface of femur O: anterior surface of femur shaft I: tibial tuberosity A: extends leg |
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Vastus lateralis |
a quadriceps muscle; lateral muscle of quads O: greater trochanter, linea aspera of femur I: tibial tuberosity A: extends leg |
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Vastus medialis |
a quadrixeps muscle; medial muscle of quads O: linea aspera of femur I: tibial tuberosity A: extends leg |
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Gracilis |
a long, thin, superficial muscle on inner surface of thigh O: lower margin of pubic bone I: medial surface of tibia A: flexes and adduction of thigh, flexes leg |
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Biceps femoris |
the most lateral hamstring muscle O: long head on ischial tuberosity, short head on linea aspera of femur I: head of fibula A: flexes leg, extends and laterally rotates thigh |
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Semitendinosus |
a posterior thigh muscle, medial to biceps femoris with obvious tendon O: ischial tuberosity I: proximal end of shaft of tibia A: flexes and medially rotates leg, extends thigh |
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Semimembranosus |
the most medial of hamstrings; partially within connective tissue membrane O: iscial tuberosity I: posterior surface of medial condyle of tibia A: flexes and medially rotates leg, extends thigh |
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Gastrocnemius |
the most superficial muscle covering calf O: medial and lateral condyles of femur I: calcaneus A: flexes leg, plantar flexes foot; standing on tiptoe |
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Soleus |
a deep muscle of calf O: head and shaft of fibula and shaft of tibia I: calcaneus A: plantar flexes, inverts and adducts foot |
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Tibialis anterior |
a superficial muscle of anterior leg; parallels anterior margin of tibia O: lateral condyle and proximal shaft of tibia I: first metatarsal and medial cuneiform A: dorsiflexes ankle and inverts foot at ankle |
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Fibularis (peroneus) longus |
a superficial lateral muscle that overlies the fibula O: head and upper portion of fibula I: first metatarsal and medial cuneiform via long tendon that passes under the foot A: plantar flexes and everts foot; helps keep foot flat on ground |
