Bio 101 Ch 7

Front 1

accessory pigments

Back 1

Photosynthetic pigments other than the chlorophylls that enable an organisms to use more colors of the visible light spectrum for photosynthesis (e.g., carotenoids [yellow, red and orange]; phycoerythrins [red]; and phycocyanin [blue]).

Front 2

Calvin cycle

Back 2

A cyclic sequence of reactions that make up the light-independent reactions stage of photosynthesis.

Front 3

chlorophyll

Back 3

The green pigment located in the chloroplasts of plant cells associated with trapping light energy.

Front 4

glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate

Back 4

a 3-carbon compound, produced during glycolysis and photosynthesis, that can be converted to other organic molecules.

Front 5

grana

Back 5

stakes of sacs of the chloroplast membrane (thylakoids) where chlorophyll molecules are concentrated.

Front 6

light-capturing events

Back 6

The first stage in photosynthesis; involves photosynthetic pigment capturing light energy in the form of excited electrons.

Front 7

light-dependent reactions

Back 7

the second stage in photosynthesis, during which excited electrons form the light-capturing events are used to make ATP, and water is broken down to hydrogen and oxygen, the hydrogen's are transferred to electron carrier coenzymes, NADP+

Front 8

light-independent reactions

Back 8

The third stage of phyotosynthesis; involves cells using ATP and NADPH from the light-dependent raactions to attach CO₂ to 5-carbon starter molecules to manufacture organic molecules (e.g., glucose [C₆H₁₂O₆]

Front 9

photosystems

Back 9

Clusters of photosynthetic pigments (e.g., chlorophyll) that serve as energy-gathering or energy-concentrating mechanisms; used during the light capturing events of photosynthesis.

Front 10

ribulose

Back 10

A 5-carbon sugar molecule used in photosynthesis.

Front 11

Ribulose-1, 5-Biosphosphate carboxylase oxygenase (RuBisCo)

Back 11

an enzyme found in the stroma of chloroplast the combining of the CO₂ with and already present 5-carbon carbohydrate, ribulose.

Front 12

stroma

Back 12

The region within a chloroplast that has no chlorophyll.

Front 13

thylakoids

Back 13

A membranous sac found within chloroplasts of plant cells that contains chlorophyll and is the site of the light-capturing events and the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis; a stack of thylakoids is know as a granum.