Microtubules Research Paper

Microtubules, which are made of protein subunits called tubulin, are the thickest of all three cytoskeletal filaments. Microtubules are mainly serving as the paths along which vesicles are guided in their travels to various destinations, and are responsible for associating with motor proteins attached to the vesicles. Microtubules can also expand or shrink in length in order to establish dynamic structures that can efficiently change the internal organization of the cell, and capture organelles through the cytosol. Intermediate filaments are made up of the protein keratin. Their primary function is to strengthen the internal structure of a cell. Microfilaments are the smallest among the three cytoskeletal filaments. They consist of protein actin. Microfilaments are dynamic structures that can rapidly disassemble or assemble themselves, and thus microfilaments enable the cell to move efficiently. Cilia and flagella that are made of microtubules are critical in cellular locomotion. Cilia move back and forth like the oars of a rowboat while eukaryotic …show more content…
Thylakoid membranes, which are arranged like stacked pancakes, are inside the envelope. Chlorophyll, which plays a crucial role in capturing sunlight, is embedded in the thylakoid membranes. Chlorophyll is observed to be green because it only reflects green wavelengths. The blue and red light, which can both be absorbed by the chlorophyll, are used to produce ATP, which are further used by enzymes around the thylakoids to synthesize carbohydrates. Photosynthesis is an important process that manufactures sugars for plant cells. In the process, light energy is used to manufacture sugars and oxygen from carbon dioxide and water. Oxygen produced in photosynthesis is essential for sustaining the life of human beings and other living things. Mitochondria also depend on the oxygen gas produced by photosynthesis to generate