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10 Cards in this Set

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Bateriophage (phage)

The best understood of all viruses


A virus that infects bacteria.


Can replicate by 2 alternative mechanisms: Lytic Cycle and Lysogenic Cycle. (p. 338)

Obligate intracellular parasites



Viruses that lack metabolic enzymes and equipment for making proteins, such as ribosomes.


Can only replicate within a host cell.


(p. 384)

Capsid


A protein shell enclosing the viral genome.


May be rod-shaped, polyhedral or more complex in shape.


Built from capsomes.


(p. 383)

Envelope

Accessory structures that help viruses infect the host.


Most are made up from the membranes of the host and contain phospholipids and membrane proteins from the host as well as glycoprotiens or viral organs.


(p. 383)

viral specificity

Viruses are specific about which hosts they infect results from the evolution of recognition systems by the virus.


(p. 384)

lysogenic replication cycle

Allows replication of the phage genome without the destruction of the host.


(p. 386)

"temperate" virus

Viruses capable of using both the lysogenic and lytic cycles.

Prophage

a phage genome that has been inserted into a specific site on a bacterial chromosome.


(p. 386)

Vaccine

A variant of a pathogen that stimulates the immune system to mount defenses against a harmful pathogen.


(p. 391)

Prion

Infectious proteins that cause degenerative brain diseases in various animal species.


Likely transmitted in food.


Slow acting with an incubation period of at least 10 years before symptoms develop.


Virtually indestructible.


No known cure.