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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Early Problems |
Environment- marshy and swamp-like Disease- malaria Selfish motivations- Focused more on gold than building communities or food |
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The Starving Time |
Winter of 1609-1610 Fevers Indians realized the threat Would eat anything they could get their hands on- dogs, cats, rats, snakes, toadstools, horsehide, the corpses of dead men |
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Emergence of the Tobacco Economy |
1612 John Role kicked the settlers and told them to get off their lazy asses. Very profitable. |
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De La Warr's Harsh Discipline |
Harsh and rigid discipline Started organizations within the settlement Personal incentive was added- private ownerships |
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The Headright System |
Used to recruit new settlers 50 acre grants of land Already there- 100 acres Went by individuals- people would travel in families |
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Suppression of the Powhatan Indians |
Expansion of the English Sir Thomas Dale lead attacks against Kidnapped Pocohontas John Rolfe married her and we converted to Christianity |
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Demise of the Virginia Company |
1622 Indian uprising cause bankruptcy |
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Indian Agriculture Techniques |
Found value of corn and beans Indians- girdled trees: deep incisions around the base or set fire to roots Crops planted around trees English- cut down and uprooted trees |
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Proprietary Rule |
Lord Baltimore was made to rule over Virginia, Delaware, and pa. |
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Religious Toleration |
Protestant reformation Protestqnta out numbered Catholics Free right to worship passed in 1948 |
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Virginia Westward Expansion |
Border conflicts grew as they pushed into their territory |
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Berkeley's Autocratic Rule |
Recent settlers in the "back country" were underrepresented in house of burgesses Berkeley became the voice |
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Backcountry Grievances |
Policies towards natives were disagreed upon Backcountry was in constant danger of an attack |
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Significance of Bacon's Rebellion |
Revealed a potential for instability in the colonies large population of free, landless man Wanted access to land Saw a common interest of preventing social unrest |
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Religious repression |
Puritan separatists Church of England Severely punished anyone who questioned |
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The mayflower compact |
41 male passengers signed Civil government and allegiance to the king. |
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Relations with the Indians |
The good relationship did not last 13 years later- smallpox broke out |
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William Bradford |
Governor of Plymouth plantation Distributed land among families All hand industrious |
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Sugar and slavery |
Import labors Slaves needed for sugar |
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Slave revolts |
Africans outnumbered Europeans Were monitored 1660s enacted slavery codes |
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Unstable societies |
Poverty became an issue Conditions were harsh |
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California |
Spanish colonized 1760s real settlements began Tried to convert natives to Catholicism |
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Importance of the Spanish Boarderlands |
Spanish colonies didn't want to displace Indians They enlistee them Converted them - sometimes forcibly to Catholicism They wrrent good to them, but weren't seeing them as an obstacle |
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Hostilities in the southeast |
Pirates attacking in 1668 Military needed to grow in order to protect themselves Signed on 100 African Americans in Florida |
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James Oglethorpes Vision |
Member or parliament and a military hero Wanted a military barrier against Spanish |
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Georgia's Military Rationale |
Limited the size of lands holding Excluded Africans Prohibited rum Regulated n trade with Indians strictly |
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Transformation of Georgia |
1750- slavery ban removed A year later ended prohibition of rum More slowly developed |
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Conflict and accomidation |
Balance of power was precarious Western borders were both Indians and Europeans Neither side established clear dominance Compromised |
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Mutually beneficial relations |
Marry within tribes Recognized importance of treat tribal leaders with respect French influence declining |
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The Shifting Balance |
Indians were ruthlessly subjugated and eventually removed Difficulty adapting |
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Mercantilism |
Any wealth flowing to another nation could come only at the expense of England itself. England sought to monopolize relations with its colonies |
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The navigation acts |
1. Closed colonies to all trade except that carried in English ships (1660) 2. Provided all goods being ship ed w from Europe to the colonies had to pass through England on the way for taxing (1663) 3. Imposing duties in the coastal trading among English colonies (1673) |
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Sir Edmund andros |
Governor of new England Supervised from Boston Navigational acts used heavily and enforced |
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End of dominion |
Wanted to abolish the dominion Mass joined Plymouth to form q royal colony |
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John Coode's Rebellion |
1689- drove out Lord Baltimore in the name of Protestantism Made church of England official |
