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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Planetary Management (worldview) |
we are separate from nature; nature exists to meet our needs/wants; we can use technology to manage earth's life-support systems |
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Information & Globalization |
(+) understand the effect we have; survey; respond
(-) sense of hopelessness; degradation; decreased diversity |
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gaia hypothesis |
STRONG: life controls earth's life sustaining processes WEAK: like influences earth's life sustaining processes |
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Henry David Thoreau (and George Perkins Marsh) |
- two early conservationists -Thoreau lived in nature and wrote book about it -Marsh helped legislators and citizens see need for resource conservation -wrote WALDEN |
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Antiquities Act (1906) |
- allows President to protect areas as national monuments |
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John Muir |
- leader of preservationist movement -lobbied for national parks -protect lands from human exploitation |
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Theodore Roosevelt |
-conservationalist (Golden Age of Conservation) -established 1st federal wildlife refuge -republican |
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National Park Service Act (1916) |
-parks must be left in manner that leaves them unimpaired for future generations |
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Aldo Leopold |
-humans should protect nature not conquer it -founder of US Wilderness Society -leader of conservation & environmental movements ****San Country Almanac |
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Garrett Hardin |
***Tragedy of the Commons ---> degradation of renewable free-access resources |
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Richard Nixon |
-established Environmental Protection Agency and Endangered Species Act of 1973 -strengthened role of federal govt in protecting environment |
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Jimmy Carter |
- created Department of Energy -> to reduce country's reliance on oil |
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Ronald Reagan |
-opposed environmental land laws -considered anti-environmental |
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Ecocentric vs. Ethnocentric |
Ecocentric: value of nature, regardless of usefulness/importance to humans
ethnocentric: evaluating other peoples and cultures according to the standards of one's own culture |
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mutual coercion |
how to live succinctly with another group with mutually agreed upon terms |
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point vs nonpoint sources of pollution |
point: single, identifiable source nonpoint:occur over large area and cannot be confined
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big 5 environmental problems |
1. Air pollution 2. Water pollution. 3. Waste production 4. Loss of Biodiversity 5. Food Supply |
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4 scientific principles of sustainability |
1. natural capital 2. natural capital degradation 3. solutions 4. trade-offs 5. individuals matter |
