A&p Test 2 Ch. 6-9 "all Bones Test"

Front 1

Bones of the skull

Back 1

Contains 22 bones;

8 cranium

14 face

The 6 auditory ossicles are loacted within the temporal bones of the cranium and the hyoid bone is connected to the inferior surfaces of the temporal bones by a pair of ligaments.

Front 2

Cranial Bones (8)

Back 2

Parietal (L/R)

Ethmoid

Sphenoid

Temporal (L/R)

Occipital

Frontal

To remember: PEST OF

Front 3

Facial Bones

Back 3

Vomer

Zygomatic

Lacrimal

Nasal

Maxillary Bones (2)

Palatine Bones (2)

Mandible

Hyoid

Front 4

Nasal Conchae

Back 4

Superior nasal conchae

Middle nasal conchae

Inferior nasal conchae

Front 5

Wormian Bones

Back 5

Extra bone which may be found in the lambdoid suture

Front 6

Zygomatic Arch

Back 6

zygomatic process of temporal bone and temporal porcess of zygomatic bone.

Front 7

Mastoid Process of temporal bone

Back 7

boney prominence behind ear

Front 8

Styloid Process of temporal bone

Back 8

(Stylor), pillar

Points of attachment for muscles, refers to slender, pointed protrusions (processes) of temporal bone of skull.

Front 9

Sella Turcica of of sphenoid bone

Back 9

(Turskish saddle) pituitary gland occupies this fossa.

A portion of the sphenoid bone that rises up and forms a saddle-shaped mass within the cranial cavity.

Front 10

Perpendicular plate of ethmoid

Back 10

Together with Vomer makes up bony nasal septum

Front 11

Criibriform plate of ethmoid bone

Back 11

Forms rook of nasal cavity

Front 12

Crista Galli of ethmoid bone

Back 12

(cock's comb) falx ceribri (membrane) in brain attaches here.

Front 13

Foramen Magnum

Back 13

large opening in the occipital bone through which the spinal cord passes to brain.

Front 14

External Occipital Protuberance

Back 14

protruding bone on the outside of the occipital bone.

Front 15

Occipital Condyle

Back 15

A rounded process found on both sides of the foramen magnum and unite with the vertebrae of the spinal column.

Front 16

Anterior Fontanel

Back 16

Infant skull

Front 17

Hyoid Bone

Back 17

u-shaped bone, attachment site for muscles of larynx, pharynx and tongue. Does not articulate w/any other bone. Suspended from tips of styloid processes of temporal bones by ligaments. Most often crushed in strangulations.

Front 18

Vertebral Column

Back 18

Consists of 26 bones: 24 vertebrae, the sacrum and the coccyx (tailbone)

Front 19

Cervical Vertebrae

Back 19

C1 - C7

C1 = atlas

C2 axis

Front 20

Thorasic vertebrae

Back 20

12:

T1-T12

Front 21

Lumbar vertebrae

Back 21

L1 - L5

Front 22

Sacrum

Back 22

5 bones begin fusing at puberty complete by age 25-10

Front 23

Coccyx

Back 23

4 fused bones by age 26

Front 24

Spinal curves

Back 24

Cervical

Thoracic

Lumbar

Sacral

Front 25

Vertebral anatomy

Back 25

spinous process

transverse process

body

vertebral foramen

Front 26

Thoracic Cage

Back 26

Consists of the thoracic vertebrae, the ribs and the sternum

Front 27

Ribs

Back 27

1-7 True Ribs

8-12 False Ribs

11-12 Floating Ribs

Front 28

Sternum (breastbone)

Back 28

Manubrium - jugular notch, Manubrium articulates w/clavicles.

Body

Xiphoid process

Fusion of sternum completes by age 25

Front 29

Pectoral Girdle

Back 29

consists of clavicles and scapulae

Front 30

Clavicle

Back 30

S-shaped (collarbone) articulate w/manubrium of sternum and acromial process of scapula.

Front 31

Scapula

Back 31

triangular shaped (shoulder blade)

Front 32

Acromion

Back 32

acromial process at the top of the shoulder blade

Front 33

Coracoid process

Back 33

site of muscle attachment

part of back surface of each scapula that is divided into unequal portions by a spine, which leads to a head that bears two processes. It curves forward and down below the clavicle (collarbone).

Front 34

Glenoid cavity

Back 34

articulates w/ humerus

a depression on the head of the scapula, between the acromion and coracoid processes. It joins with the head of the upper arm bone (humerus).

Front 35

Upper Limbs

Back 35

Humerus

Ulna - trochlera notch (trochlea = pulley) - forms "u" shape in ulna

Oclecranon Process - forms elbow on ulna

Radius

Front 36

Bones of the hand

Back 36

Wrist - 8 carpal bones

form in two rows: four proximal carpal bones (scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, pisiform) and four distal carpal bones (trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, hamate)

Front 37

Carpals

Back 37

Scaphoid (skaphe + eidos, form: boat-shaped)

Lunate (luna, moon)

Triquetrum (Triquetral) has three surfaces

Pisiform - pea shaped

Trapezium (Gk. trapezion, small table)

Trapezoid (Gk. trapezion +eidos, form) having the shape of a trapeze (resembles a wedge)

Capitate (L. caput, head) has a rounded head

Hamate (L. hamatum, hooked) has a hook like process.

*Some Lovers Try Positions That They Cannot Handle

Front 38

Metacarpals of the hand

Back 38

(Use Roman numerals I, II, III, IV, V)

Run from carpal bones of the wrist to bones of the hand. The heads form the knuckles.

Front 39

Phalanges

Back 39

Proximal - nearest the metacarpals/hand

Medial - in between proximal and distal

Distal- finger tips

Pollex (thumb) only has proximal and distal phalanges.

Front 40

Pelvic Girdle and Lower Limbs

Back 40

Consists of the paired hip bones; each forms by fusion of ilium, ischium and pubis.

Ventrally connected by a pad of fibrocartilage at a joint called the pubic symphysis on the lateral surface of each hip bone. The acetabulum (vinegar cup) is the socket that articulates w/the head of the femur.

Front 41

Pelvis Girdle

Back 41

Os Coxae (pl. ossa coxae) (coxa, hip)

Ilium

Ischium

Pubis

Front 42

Pelvis

Back 42

2 coxal bones (hip bones) + sacrum + coccyx

Front 43

Pubis Symphysis

Back 43

pad of fibrocartilage connecting coxae at pubis

Front 44

Iliac Crest

Back 44

ridge of ilium

Front 45

Ischial tuberosity

Back 45

rough projection which bears wight of body when seated

Front 46

Acetabulum

Back 46

(acetabulum, vinegar cup)

Depression in hipbone that connects w/head of femur, socket

Front 47

Obturator Foramen

Back 47

closed by sheet of collagen fibers which provides base for muscle attachment.

Front 48

Differences between male & female pelves

Back 48

Female pelvic cavity is shallower and wider and the sacrum is shorter to allow for childbirth.

Front 49

Femur

Back 49

Longest and heaviest bone

Articulates w/acetabulum

Front 50

Patella

Back 50

Sesamoid bone

Kneecap

Front 51

Tibia

Back 51

shin bone

Front 52

Fibula

Back 52

This bone that parallels the tibia

Front 53

Bones of the foot

Back 53

7 tarsal bones which form two irregular rows: 3 proximal tarsal bones (calcaneus, talus, navicular) and 4 distal tarsal bones (medial, cuneiform, intermediate cuneiform, lateral cuneiform, cuboid)

Front 54

Tarsals

Back 54

Talus

Calcaneus

Navicular

Medial Cuneiform

Intermediate cuneiform

Lateral cuneiform

Cuboid

(Tiger Cubs Need MILC)

Front 55

Metatarsals of the foot

Back 55

5 foot bones

Make up the central skeleton of the foot.

Held in an arch position by ligaments

Use Roman Numerals I, II, III, IV, V

Front 56

Phalanges

Back 56

Proximal - first knuckle from metarsals to the Medial.

Medial - middle toe bone.

Distal - tip of toes

Hallux (big toe) only as proximal and distal phalanges.