Ap Psych Vocab

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Acetylcholine

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A neurotransmitter Among its functions triggers muscle contraction

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Action potential

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A neural impulse, a brief electrical charge that travels down the axon the action potential is generated by the movement of positively charged atoms in and out of channels in the axons membrane

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Adrenal glands

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A pair of endocrine glands that just above the kidneys. The adrenal gland secretes the hormones epinephrine and norepinephrine which helped to arouse the body in times of stress

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Agonist

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The excite by mimicking a particular neurotransmitter or blocking its reuptake

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Antagonist

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Play Maybe by blocking no transmitter or by diminishing the released

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Autonomic nervous system

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Goes away from the body the part of the peripheral nervous system that controls the glands and the muscles of the internal organs

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Axon

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The extension of neuron ending in branching terminal fibers through which messages are sent to other neurons or to muscles or glands

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Biological psychology

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A branch of psychology concerned with the links between biology and behavior

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Central nervous system

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The brain and spinal cord

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Dendrite

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The bercy branching extensions of a neuron that receives messages and conduct impulses towards the body cell

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Endorphins

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Morphine with in – natural opiate Like neurotransmitters linked to pain control and to pleasure

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Endocrine system

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The body's slow chemical Communication System a set of glands that secrete hormones into the bloodstream

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Hormones

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Chemical Messengers that are produced in one tissue and affect another

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Interneurons

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Central nervous system neurons that internally communicate and intervene between the sensory inputs and motor outputs

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Ions

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Electrically charged atoms

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Motor neurons

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The neurons that carry outgoing information from the central nervous system to the muscles glands

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Nerves

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No cables painting many axons these bundled axons which part of the peripheral nervous system connects the central nervous system with the muscles glands and sense organs

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Nervous system

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The body's Speedy electrochemical Communication System consisting of all of the nerve cells of peripheral and central nervous system

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Neural networks

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Interconnected neural cells with experience networks can learn as feedback strengthens on Hibbetts connections that produce certain results

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Neuron

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A nerve cell the basic building block of the nervous system

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Neurotransmitter

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Chemical Messengers that transverse the synaptic gaps between neurons are released by The sending neuron neurotransmitters travel across the synapse and bind to receptor sites on the receiving neuron there by influencing whether it will generate a neural impulse

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Parasympathetic nervous system

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The division of the autonomic nervous system that calms the body conversing its energy

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Peripheral nervous system

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The sensory and motor neurons that connect the central nervous system to the rest of the body

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Pituitary gland

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The endocrine systems most influential gland under the influence of the hypothalamus and pituitary regulates growth and controls other endocrine glands

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Resting potential

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Positive outside negative inside polarization

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Sensory neurons

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Neurons that carry incoming information from the sense receptors to the central nervous system

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Somatic nervous system

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The division of the peripheral nervous system that controls the body skeletal muscles

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Sympathetic nervous system

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The division of the autonomic nervous system that arouses the body mobilizing its energy in stressful situations

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Synapse

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The Junction between the axon tip of sending neuron and the dendrite or the cell body of the receiving neuron the tiny Gap at this Junction is called a synaptic gap or cleft

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Threshold

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The level of stimulation required to trigger a neural impulse

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Amygdala

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Two almond-shaped neural clusters that are components of the limbic system and are linked to emotion

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Aphasia

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The impairment of language

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Association areas

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Not involved in sensory or motor function instead they are involved in higher mental functions such as learning remembering thinking and speaking

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Broca's area

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An area of the frontal lobe usually in the left hemisphere that directs the muscle movements involved in speech

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Cerebellum

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The little brain attached to the rear of the brainstem and it helps coordinate voluntary movement and balance

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Cerebral cortex

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An intricate covering of the interconnected cells that form a thin surface layer on the cerebral hemispheres

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Commuted tomography scan

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A series of X-ray photographs taken from different angles and combined by computer into a composite representation of a slice through the body

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Guess That movie

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🦁👑

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Corpus callosum

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The large band of neural fibers connecting the two brain hemispheres and carrying messages between

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Electroencephalogram

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Amplified recording of the waves of electrical activity that sweep across the brain service the waves are measured by electrodes placed on the scalp

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Frontal lobes

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The portion of the cerebral cortex scientist behind the forehead they are involved in speaking and muscle movements and in making plans and judgments

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Glial cells

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And the nervous system that are not neurons but that support nourish and protect neurons

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Lesions

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Tissue destruction in the brain

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Limbic system

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A doughnut-shaped system of neural structures at the border of the brainstem and cerebral hemispheres

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Magnetic resonance imaging

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A technique that uses magnetic fields and radio waves to produce cuter generated images that distinguish among different types of soft tissue

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Medulla

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The base of the brainstem that controls heartbeat and breathing

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Motor cortex

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An area at the rear of the frontal lobe that controls voluntary movements

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Occipital lobes

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Okay in the back of the head and receive visual information from opposite visual fields

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Parietal lobes

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Light at the top and the rear of the head and includes the sensory cortex

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Plasticity

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The brain's capacity for modification

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Positron emission tomography scan

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A visual display of brain activity that detects where a radioactive form of glucose go with while the brain performs a given task

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Reticular formation

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A nerve Network in the brainstem that plays an important role in controlling arousal

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Split brain

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A condition in which the two hemispheres of the brain are isolated by cutting the connecting fibers between them

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Temporal lobes

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Above the ears and receive auditory information from the opposite ear

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Thalamus

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The brain sensory switchboard located on the top of the brainstem at direct messages to a sensory receiving areas in the cortex and transmit replies to the cerebellum and medulla

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Wernicke area

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Involved in language comprehension and expansion