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67 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
empiricism |
the view that (knowledge originates in experience) and that science should, therefore, rely on observation and experiments |
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structuralism |
early school of thought promoted by Wundt and Titchener; used introspection to reveal the structure of the human mind |
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functionalism |
early school of thought promoted by James and influenced by Darwin; explored how mental and behavioral processes function--how they enable the organism to adapt, survive, and flourish |
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experimental psychology |
study of behavior and thinking using the experimental method. |
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behaviorism |
the view that psychology (1) should be an (objective science) that (2) studies behavior without reference to mental processes. Most research psychologists today agree with (1) but not with (2) |
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humanistic psychology |
a historically significant perspective that emphasized the (growth potential of healthy people) |
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cognitive neuroscience |
the interdisciplinary study of the brain activity linked with cognition (including perception, thinking, memory, and language) |
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psychology |
the science of behavior and mental processes |
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natural selection |
the principle that among the range of inherited trait variations, those contributing to (reproduction and survival) will most likely be passed on to succeeding generations |
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levels of analysis |
the differing complementary views, from biological to psychological to social-cultural, for analyzing any given phenomenon |
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natural selection |
the principle that among the range of inherited trait variations, those contributing to reproduction and survival will most likely be passed on to succeeding generations |
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levels of analysis |
the differing complementary views, from biological to psychological to social-cultural, for analyzing any given phenomenon |
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biopsychosocial approach |
an integrated approach that incorporates biological, psychological, and social-cultural levels of analysis |
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natural selection |
the principle that among the range of inherited trait variations, those contributing to reproduction and survival will most likely be passed on to succeeding generations |
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levels of analysis |
the differing complementary views, from biological to psychological to social-cultural, for analyzing any given phenomenon |
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biopsychosocial approach |
an integrated approach that incorporates biological, psychological, and social-cultural levels of analysis |
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behavioral psychology |
scientific study of observable behavior, and its explanation by the principles of learning |
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biological psychology |
the scientific study of the links between biological (genetic, neural, hormonal) and psychological processes. |
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biological psychology |
the scientific study of the links between biological (genetic, neural, hormonal) and psychological processes. |
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cognitive psychology |
scientific study of all the mental activities associated with thinking, knowing, remembering, and communicating. |
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evolutionary psychology |
the study of the evolution of behavior and mind, using principles of natural selection |
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evolutionary psychology |
the study of the evolution of behavior and mind, using principles of natural selection |
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psychodynamic psychology |
a branch of psychology that studies how unconscious drive and conflicts influence behavior, and uses that information to treat people with psychological disorders |
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social-cultural psychology |
the study of how situations and cultures affect our behavior and thinking |
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social-cultural psychology |
the study of how situations and cultures affect our behavior and thinking |
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psychometrics |
the scientific study of the measurement of human abilities, attitudes, and traits |
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basic research |
pure science that aims to increase the scientific knowledge base |
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developmental psychology |
a branch of psychology that studies physical, cognitive, and social change throughout the life soan |
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developmental psychology |
a branch of psychology that studies physical, cognitive, and social change throughout the life soan |
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educational psychology |
the study of how physchological processes affect and can enhance teaching and learning |
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personality psychology |
the study of an individual's characteristic pattern of thinking, feeling, and acting |
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personality psychology |
the study of an individual's characteristic pattern of thinking, feeling, and acting |
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social psychology |
the scientific study of how we think about, influence, and relate to one another. |
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basic research |
pure science that aims to increase the scientific knowledge base |
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basic research |
pure science that aims to increase the scientific knowledge base |
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developmental psychology |
a branch of psychology that studies physical, cognitive, and social change throughout the life span. |
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basic research |
pure science that aims to increase the scientific knowledge base |
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developmental psychology |
a branch of psychology that studies physical, cognitive, and social change throughout the life span. |
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educational psychology |
the study of how psychological processes affect and can enhance teaching and learning. |
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basic research |
pure science that aims to increase the scientific knowledge base |
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developmental psychology |
a branch of psychology that studies physical, cognitive, and social change throughout the life span. |
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educational psychology |
the study of how psychological processes affect and can enhance teaching and learning. |
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personality psychology |
the study of an individual's characteristic pattern of thinking, feeling, and acting |
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social psychology |
the scientific study of how we think about, influence, and relate to one another. |
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social psychology |
the scientific study of how we think about, influence, and relate to one another. |
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applied research |
scientific study that aims to solve practical problems |
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social psychology |
the scientific study of how we think about, influence, and relate to one another. |
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applied research |
scientific study that aims to solve practical problems |
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industrial-organizational psychology |
the application of psychological concepts and methods to optimizing human behavior in workplaces |
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social psychology |
the scientific study of how we think about, influence, and relate to one another. |
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applied research |
scientific study that aims to solve practical problems |
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industrial-organizational psychology |
the application of psychological concepts and methods to optimizing human behavior in workplaces |
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human factors psychology |
an I/O psychology subfield that explores how people and machines interact and how machines and physical environments can be made safe and easy to use. |
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social psychology |
the scientific study of how we think about, influence, and relate to one another. |
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applied research |
scientific study that aims to solve practical problems |
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industrial-organizational psychology |
the application of psychological concepts and methods to optimizing human behavior in workplaces |
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human factors psychology |
an I/O psychology subfield that explores how people and machines interact and how machines and physical environments can be made safe and easy to use. |
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counseling psychology |
a branch of psychology that assists people with problems in living and in achieving greater well-being |
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clinical psychology |
a branch of psychology that studies, assesses, and treats people with psychological disorders |
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psychiatry |
a branch of psychology that studies, assesses, and treats people with psychological disorders. |
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psychiatry |
a branch of psychology that studies, assesses, and treats people with psychological disorders. |
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psychiatry |
branch of medicine dealing with psychological disorders; practiced by physicians who sometimes provide medical treatments as well as psychological therapy |
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positive psychology |
the scientific study of human functioning, with the goals of discovering and promoting strengths and virtues that help individuals and communities to thrive |
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community psychology |
branch of psychology that studies how people interact with their social environments and how social environments and how social institutions affect indivuals and groups. |
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testing effect |
enhanced memory after retrieving, rather than simply rereading, information. Also sometimes referred to as a retrieval practice effect or test-enhanced learning. |
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SQ3R |
study method incorporating five steps: survey, question, read, retrieve, review |